yannstatic/static/2019/12/25/sqlite.html

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<meta name="description" content="SQLite">
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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">sqlite</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="sqlite"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
<a class="button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style="color:#00FFFF" href="/archive.html?tag=application">application</a>
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">25&nbsp;déc.&nbsp;&nbsp;2019</span>
<span title="Modification" style="color:#00FF7F">23&nbsp;nov.&nbsp;&nbsp;2018</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2018-11-23T00:00:00+01:00">
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<summary><b>Afficher/cacher Sommaire</b></summary>
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</details><h1 id="sqlite">SQLite</h1>
<p><img src="/images/SQLite370.svg" alt="SQLite" /></p>
<p>Une base SQLite3 a la particularité dêtre contenue dans un fichier qui porte le même nom. Le moteur de base de données SQLite3 est une bibliothèque, libsqlite3, quil est possible dutiliser avec linterface utilisateur en ligne de commande <strong>sqlite3</strong> ou, via lAPI C.<br />
SQLite3 présente lavantage de navoir rien à configurer, rien à maintenir ou à administrer. Cest aussi son objectif. En contrepartie, certaines fonctionnalités sont absentes, comme la gestion des utilisateurs ou la possibilité de se connecter à distance à la base (en TCP/IP par exemple).</p>
<p><em>Cette description est tirée de “C en action” 2ième édition de Yves METTIER.</em></p>
<h2 id="installation">Installation</h2>
<p>Pour installer SQLite3</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo pacman -S sqlite3
</code></pre></div></div>
<h2 id="utilisation-en-ligne-de-commande">Utilisation en ligne de commande</h2>
<h3 id="lancer-le-terminal-sqlite">Lancer le terminal SQLite</h3>
<p>Dans un terminal, lancer la commande suivante avant de taper les commandes propres à SQLite:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite3
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le curseur indique que vous êtes maintenant dans le “terminal” SQlite comme ici:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>SQLite version 3.6.22
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite&gt;
</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p><em>Toute commande SQLite sera précédée de son curseur afin de bien distinguer les commandes SQLite des autres commandes.</em></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="quitter-le-terminal-sqlite">Quitter le terminal SQLite</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt;.quit
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="lister-les-commandes-sqlite">Lister les commandes SQLite</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt;.help
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>.backup ?DB? FILE Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail ON|OFF Stop after hitting an error. Default OFF
.databases List names and files of attached databases
.dump ?TABLE? ... Dump the database in an SQL text format
If TABLE specified, only dump tables matching
LIKE pattern TABLE.
.echo ON|OFF Turn command echo on or off
.exit Exit this program
.explain ?ON|OFF? Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
With no args, it turns EXPLAIN on.
.genfkey ?OPTIONS? Options are:
--no-drop: Do not drop old fkey triggers.
--ignore-errors: Ignore tables with fkey errors
--exec: Execute generated SQL immediately
See file tool/genfkey.README in the source
distribution for further information.
.header(s) ON|OFF Turn display of headers on or off
.help Show this message
.import FILE TABLE Import data from FILE into TABLE
.indices ?TABLE? Show names of all indices
If TABLE specified, only show indices for tables
matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.load FILE ?ENTRY? Load an extension library
.mode MODE ?TABLE? Set output mode where MODE is one of:
csv Comma-separated values
column Left-aligned columns. (See .width)
html HTML &lt;table&gt; code
insert SQL insert statements for TABLE
line One value per line
list Values delimited by .separator string
tabs Tab-separated values
tcl TCL list elements
.nullvalue STRING Print STRING in place of NULL values
.output FILENAME Send output to FILENAME
.output stdout Send output to the screen
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE Replace the standard prompts
.quit Exit this program
.read FILENAME Execute SQL in FILENAME
.restore ?DB? FILE Restore content of DB (default "main") from FILE
.schema ?TABLE? Show the CREATE statements
If TABLE specified, only show tables matching
LIKE pattern TABLE.
.separator STRING Change separator used by output mode and .import
.show Show the current values for various settings
.tables ?TABLE? List names of tables
If TABLE specified, only list tables matching
LIKE pattern TABLE.
.timeout MS Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.width NUM1 NUM2 ... Set column widths for "column" mode
.timer ON|OFF Turn the CPU timer measurement on or off
</code></pre></div></div>
<h2 id="modifier-le-format-de-sortie">Modifier le format de sortie</h2>
<h3 id="afficher-le-nom-des-colonnes--changer-laspect-des-colonnes">Afficher le nom des colonnes / Changer laspect des colonnes</h3>
<ul>
<li>Pour présenter les résultat dune requête sous forme de tableau dans le terminal on utilisera:</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .headers on
sqlite&gt; .mode column
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Et à lissue dune requête les résultats safficheront de cette manière:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nom age membre
---------- ---------- ----------
dan 23 oui
bob 45 non
</code></pre></div></div>
<ul>
<li>Pour revenir au mode précédent:</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .header off # Mode par défaut
sqlite&gt; .mode list # Mode par défaut
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>dan|23|oui
bob|45|non
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="modifier-le-séparateur">Modifier le séparateur</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Il est possible de modifier le séparateur dans le mode list:</p>
<p>sqlite&gt; .separator “, “</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>dan, 23, oui
bob, 45, non
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="modifier-la-largeur-des-colonnes">Modifier la largeur des colonnes</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Par défaut, chaque colonne fait 10 caractères de largeur. Il est possible dajuster la taille ainsi:</p>
<p>sqlite&gt; .width 2 15 10 20 3</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>id titre auteur resume num date_creation éditeur
-- --------------- ---------- --------------- --- -------------- ----------
1 tintin au congo hergé Tintin est au c 5.0 casterman
2 le nid des mars franquin Un reportage in 6.0
3 la déesse moebius une aventure ex 7.0 2011-02-03
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="modifier-la-sortie-en-code-html">Modifier la sortie en code html</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Il est possible de sortir directement les résultats en html:</p>
<p>sqlite&gt; .mode html</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TH&gt;id&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;TH&gt;titre&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;TH&gt;auteur&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;TH&gt;resume&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;TH&gt;num&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;TH&gt;timenter&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;TH&gt;éditeur&lt;/TH&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;
&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD&gt;1&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;tintin au congo&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;hergé&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;Tintin est au congo.&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;5.0&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;casterman&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;
&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD&gt;2&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;le nid des marsupilamis&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;franquin&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;Un reportage incroyable&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;6.0&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;
&lt;TR&gt;&lt;TD&gt;3&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;la déesse&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;moebius&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;une aventure extraordinaire&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;7.0&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;2011-02-03&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;TD&gt;&lt;/TD&gt;
&lt;/TR&gt;
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="rappel-des-paramètres">Rappel des paramètres</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .show
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> echo: off
explain: off
headers: off
mode: list
nullvalue: ""
output: stdout
separator: "|"
width:
</code></pre></div></div>
<h2 id="manipuler-une-base">Manipuler une base</h2>
<h3 id="créer-une-base---ouvrir-une-base">Créer une base - ouvrir une base</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite3 livres.db
</code></pre></div></div>
<ul>
<li>Si la base <strong>livres.db</strong> nexiste pas déjà, elle sera créée. Cette commande, non seulement créé ou ouvre la base, mais place le curseur immédiatement dans lenvironnement <em>terminal</em> de SQLite. Toute commande tapée par la suite concernera cette base. Un fichier <strong>livres.db</strong> est créé.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="détruire-une-base">Détruire une base</h3>
<p>Il suffit de détruire le fichier correspondant. Par exemple</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>rm livres.db&lt;/code&gt;.
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="créer-une-table">Créer une table</h3>
<p>Il faut avoir ouvert ou créé une base avant de taper les commandes suivantes:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; CREATE TABLE bandedessinée (id integer primary key, titre VARCHAR(30), auteur VARCHAR(30), resume TEXT, num double, date_creation date);
</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>Si ** …&gt;** apparait après avoir tapé la commande, cest quil manque tout simplement le <strong>;</strong> à la fin de la requête. Ajoutez-le juste après le ** …&gt;;** et validez.&lt;/note&gt;</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Les types de données SQLite3 sont : <em>NULL, INTEGER, REAL, TEXT</em> et <em>BLOB</em> (<a href="http://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html">http://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html</a>).<br />
Ce qui donne par exemple :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; CREATE TABLE bandedessinée (id integer primary key, titre TEXT, auteur TEXT, resume TEXT, num REAL, date_creation INTEGER);
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="lister-les-tables">Lister les tables</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .tables
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="insérer-des-valeurs-dans-la-table">Insérer des valeurs dans la table</h3>
<p>Un exemple dinsertion de valeurs:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; INSERT INTO "bandedessinée" VALUES(1, 'tintin au congo', 'hergé', 'Tintin est au congo.', 5.0, NULL);
sqlite&gt; INSERT INTO "bandedessinée" VALUES(2, 'le nid des marsupilamis', 'franquin', 'Un reportage incroyable', 6.0, date('now'));
sqlite&gt; INSERT INTO "bandedessinée" VALUES(3, 'la déesse', 'moebius', 'une aventure géniale', 7.0, strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",'now','localtime'));
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="simple-requête-pour-visualiser-le-contenu-de-la-table">Simple requête pour visualiser le contenu de la table</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; select * from bandedessinée;
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>1|tintin au congo|hergé|Tintin est au congo.|5.0|
2|le nid des marsupilamis|franquin|Un reportage incroyable|6.0|2011-02-03
3|la déesse|moebius|une aventure extraordinaire|7.0|2011-02-03 18:36:25
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="requête-de-visualisation-dune-table-formatée-en-sortie-comme-une-insertion-de-valeur">Requête de visualisation dune table formatée en sortie COMME une insertion de valeur</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .mode insert bandedessinée
sqlite&gt; select * from bandedessinée;
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>INSERT INTO 'bandedessinée' VALUES(1,'tintin au congo','hergé','Tintin est au congo.',5.0,NULL);
INSERT INTO 'bandedessinée' VALUES(2,'le nid des marsupilamis','franquin','Un reportage incroyable',6.0,'2011-02-03');
INSERT INTO 'bandedessinée' VALUES(3,'la déesse','moebius','une aventure extraordinaire',7.0,'2011-02-03');
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="quelques-exemples-de-requêtes">Quelques exemples de requêtes</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Limiter une requête par nombre déléments:</p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; select * from bandedessinée limit 2;</code></p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>1|tintin au congo|hergé|Tintin est au congo.|5.0||casterman
2|le nid des marsupilamis|franquin|Un reportage incroyable|6.0||
</code></pre></div></div>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Sélectionner les titres de la table bandedessinée enregistrés depuis février:</p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; select titre from bandedessinée where strftime('%m', date_creation)='02';</code></p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>le nid des marsupilamis
la déesse
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="effacer-une-valeur-dans-la-table">Effacer une valeur dans la table</h4>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; DELETE FROM "bandedessinée" WHERE id = 3;</code></p>
<h4 id="ajouter-une-colonne-à-la-table">Ajouter une colonne à la table</h4>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; ALTER TABLE "bandedessinée" add column "éditeur";</code></p>
<h3 id="mettre-à-jour-une-valeur-à-la-table">Mettre à jour une valeur à la table</h3>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; UPDATE "bandedessinée" SET éditeur ='casterman' WHERE id = 1;</code></p>
<h3 id="modifier-le-nom-dune-table">Modifier le nom dune table</h3>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">alter table 'bandedessinée' rename to 'bd';</code></p>
<h3 id="écrire-la-sortie-des-résultats-dans-un-fichier">Écrire la sortie des résultats dans un fichier</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .output bd.txt
sqlite&gt; select * from bd;
sqlite&gt; .quit
</code></pre></div></div>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Visualiser dans le terminal le fichier créé:</p>
<p>cat bd.txt</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="dumper-une-table-depuis-sqlite-en-format-sql">Dumper une table depuis SQLite en format SQL</h3>
<p>pour sauvegarder la structure et les données sur un disque</p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; .dump bd</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE "bd" (id integer primary key, titre VARCHAR(30), auteur VARCHAR(30), resume TEXT, num double, date_creation date);
INSERT INTO "bd" VALUES(1,'tintin au congo','hergé','Tintin est au congo.',5.0,NULL);
INSERT INTO "bd" VALUES(2,'le nid des marsupilamis','franquin','Un reportage incroyable',6.0,'2011-02-04');
INSERT INTO "bd" VALUES(3,'la déesse','moebius','une aventure géniale',7.0,'2011-02-04 17:06:23');
COMMIT;
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="rediriger-la-sortie-vers-un-fichier-puis-dumper-la-table-depuis-sqlite">Rediriger la sortie vers un fichier puis dumper la table depuis SQLite</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .output bd.sql
sqlite&gt; .dump bd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le résultat nest plus affiché dans le terminal, mais redirigé vers le fichier <strong>bd.sql</strong>. Pour le vérifier il suffit dafficher le contenu du fichier:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .quit
cat bd.sql
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="lire-directement-un-fichier-dumpé-depuis-sqlite">Lire directement un fichier dumpé depuis sqlite</h3>
<p>Tout dabord effacez la table de la base:</p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite&gt; drop table bd;</code></p>
<p>Puis lisez le fichier sauvegardé:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sqlite&gt; .read bd.sql
sqlite&gt; select * from bd;
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>1|tintin au congo|hergé|Tintin est au congo.|5.0|
2|le nid des marsupilamis|franquin|Un reportage incroyable|6.0|2011-02-04
3|la déesse|moebius|une aventure géniale|7.0|2011-02-04 17:06:23
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="dumper-une-base-en-format-sql-pour-sauvegarder-sa-structure-ses-tables-et-ses-données">Dumper une base en format SQL pour sauvegarder sa structure, ses tables et ses données</h3>
<p>Dumper la base</p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sqlite3 livres.db .dump &gt; livres.sql</code></p>
<p>Récupérer un fichier dumpé pour recréer la base. Effacez le fichier original avant de procéder à la récupération de la base:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>rm -r livres.db # Effacer la base originale
sqlite3 livres.db &lt; livres.sql # Récuperer la base depuis le fichier de sql
sqlite3 livres.db # Se connecter à la base
sqlite&gt; select * from bd; # Faire un requête pour vérification
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Affichera:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>1|tintin au congo|hergé|Tintin est au congo.|5.0|
2|le nid des marsupilamis|franquin|Un reportage incroyable|6.0|2011-02-04
3|la déesse|moebius|une aventure géniale|7.0|2011-02-04 17:06:23
</code></pre></div></div>
<h2 id="utilisation-avec-un-client-graphique">Utilisation avec un client graphique</h2>
<p>Liste de clients graphiques libres disponibles sous Linux :</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://sqlitebrowser.org/">Sqlite Browser</a></li>
<li><a href="http://mbg-sqlclient.developpez.com/">Ohraimeur</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/fr/firefox/addon/sqlite-manager">Sqlite manager</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.phpliteadmin.org/">phpLiteAdmin</a> (interface web).</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="utiliser-sqlite-avec-python">Utiliser Sqlite avec Python</h2>
<p>Exemple dutilisation de SQLite avec un script python.<br />
Créez un fichier <strong>test-python.py</strong>.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano test-python.py
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Et ajoutez le code ci-dessous:</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1">#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Mabase</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">conn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="s">mabase.db</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">creer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sh">"""</span><span class="s"> Créer une simple base.
Renvoi True si reussie, False si déjà créée. </span><span class="sh">"""</span>
<span class="c1"># Obtention d'un curseur
</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">conn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># Créer une table
</span> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="s">create table comptes (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,signature VARCHAR(50), compteur INTEGER)</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Inserer deux lignes de données
</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="s">insert into comptes values (null,</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">gffgdfgd</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">,</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">0</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">)</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="s">insert into comptes values (null,</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">Martin</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">,</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">1</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">)</span><span class="sh">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Sauvegarder les modifications
</span> <span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">conn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># Fermer le curseur
</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">Création de la base réussie.</span><span class="sh">"</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
<span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Fermer le curseur
</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">False</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">lire</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sh">"""</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="sh">"""</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">conn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="s">SELECT * FROM comptes</span><span class="sh">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">row</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># Création de l'instance de classe
</span><span class="n">mabase</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nc">Mabase</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">mabase</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">creer</span><span class="p">():</span> <span class="c1"># Si la méthode creer() renvoi False, lire la base
</span> <span class="n">mabase</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">lire</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Modifiez les permissions du script <strong>test-python.py</strong> afin de le rendre exécutable, puis lancez-le dans le terminal en tapant:</p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">./test-python.py</code></p>
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fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('<ul class="toc toc--ellipsis"></ul>'), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors && (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container && (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller && (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1) { return; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length; i++) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast && $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('<li></li>').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('<a></a>').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
</script><script>
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc && toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix && affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
</script><!---->
</div>
<script>(function () {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>