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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">31&nbsp;juil.&nbsp;2019</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-07-31T00:00:00+02:00">
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</details><h2 id="interfaçage-de-lécran-oled-ssd1306-avec-arduino">Interfaçage de lécran OLED SSD1306 avec Arduino</h2>
<p><img src="/images/Arduino-interfacing-with-Monochrome-SSD1306-OLED-display.jpg" alt="" width="400" /></p>
<p>La plupart dentre nous connaissons bien l <a href="https://circuitdigest.com/article/16x2-lcd-display-module-pinout-datasheet">écran LCD matriciel 16 × 2</a> utilisé dans la plupart des projets pour afficher certaines informations à lutilisateur. Mais ces écrans LCD ont beaucoup de limites dans ce quils peuvent faire. Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons en apprendre davantage sur les écrans OLED et sur leur utilisation, Arduino . Il existe de nombreux types décrans OLED disponibles sur le marché et de nombreuses façons de les faire fonctionner. Dans ce tutoriel, nous discuterons de ses classifications et de celle qui conviendra le mieux à votre projet.</p>
<h3 id="matériel-requis">Matériel requis</h3>
<ul>
<li>Module daffichage OLED à 7 broches 128 × 64 (SSD1306)</li>
<li>Arduino UNO / Nano</li>
<li>Planche à pain</li>
<li>Fils de connexion</li>
<li>Ordinateur / ordinateur portable</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="les-écrans-oled">les écrans OLED</h3>
<p>Le terme OLED signifie « diode électroluminescente organique». Il utilise la même technologie que celle utilisée dans la plupart de nos téléviseurs, mais comporte moins de pixels par rapport à eux. Il est vraiment amusant davoir ces modules décran superbes à interfacer avec lArduino, car ils donneront à nos projets un aspect cool. Nous avons couvert <a href="https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&amp;hl=fr&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;langpair=en%7Cfr&amp;rurl=translate.google.com&amp;sp=nmt4&amp;u=https://circuitdigest.com/article/ssd1306-oled-display&amp;xid=17259,15700023,15700043,15700186,15700190,15700256,15700259,15700262,15700265&amp;usg=ALkJrhhLiVfAwY8vT-3uySgqeRi4Hq6v5A">un article complet sur les écrans OLED et ses types</a> .</p>
<p><img src="/images/Monochrome-7-pin-SSD1306-0.96-OLED-display.jpg" alt="" width="200" /> <img src="/images/Monochrome-7-pin-SSD1306-0.96-OLED-display-backside.jpg" alt="" width="200" /></p>
<p>Nous utilisons un écran OLED SSD1306 0,96 ”à 7 broches monochrome .<br />
Le choix de cet affichage sexplique par le fait quil peut fonctionner avec trois protocoles de communication différents, tels que :</p>
<ul>
<li>le mode SPI 3 fils</li>
<li>le mode SPI quatre fils</li>
<li>le mode IIC.</li>
</ul>
<p>Ce didacticiel explique comment utiliser le module en mode <u>SPI 4 fils</u>, car il sagit du mode de communication le plus rapide et du mode par défaut.</p>
<p>Les broches et leurs fonctions sont expliquées dans le tableau ci-dessous.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Nom de broche</th>
<th>Autres noms</th>
<th>Usage</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Gnd</td>
<td>GND</td>
<td>Broche de masse du module</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vdd</td>
<td>Vcc, 5V</td>
<td>Broche dalimentation (3-5V tolérable)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SCK</td>
<td>SCK, D0, SCL, CLK</td>
<td>Agit comme la goupille dhorloge. Utilisé à la fois pour I2C et SPI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SDA</td>
<td>DATA, SDA, D1, MOSI</td>
<td>Broche de données du module. Utilisé pour IIC et SPI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RES</td>
<td>RST, RESET</td>
<td>Réinitialise le module (utile pendant SPI)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DC/C</td>
<td>DC, A0</td>
<td>Pin de commande de données. Utilisé pour le protocole SPI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CS</td>
<td>Sélection de puce</td>
<td>Utile lorsque plusieurs modules sont utilisés sous le protocole SPI</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>La communauté Arduino nous a déjà fourni de nombreuses bibliothèques qui peuvent être directement utilisées pour rendre cela beaucoup plus simple. Jai essayé quelques bibliothèques et trouvé que la bibliothèque <a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306">Adafruit_SSD1306</a> était très facile à utiliser et comportait une poignée doptions graphiques, cest pourquoi nous allons utiliser la même chose dans ce tutoriel. Toutefois, si votre projet a une contrainte de mémoire / vitesse, essayez dutiliser la bibliothèque U8g car elle fonctionne plus rapidement et utilise moins de mémoire programme.</p>
<h3 id="matériel-et-connexions">Matériel et connexions:</h3>
<p>Le schéma de circuit pour linterfaçage OLED SSD1306 avec Arduino est très simple et est présenté ci-dessous.<br />
<img src="/images/Arduino-interfacing-with-Monochrome-OLED-display-circuit.png" alt="" width="600" /><br />
<img src="/images/Arduino-interfacing-with-Monochrome-OLED-display-circuit-1.png" alt="" /> <img src="/images/Arduino-interfacing-with-Monochrome-OLED-display-circuit-2.png" alt="" /></p>
<p>Nous avons simplement établi une communication SPI entre le module OLED et Arduino .
Etant donné que lOLED fonctionne sur 3V-5V et consomme très peu dénergie, il na pas besoin dalimentation externe. Vous pouvez simplement utiliser des fils pour établir la connexion ou utiliser une planche à pain comme je lai utilisée pour faciliter lexpérimentation. La connexion est également répertoriée ci-dessous</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Nom de broche sur le module OLED</th>
<th>Nom de Pin sur Arduino</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Gnd</td>
<td>Sol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vdd, Vcc, 5V</td>
<td>5V</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SCK, D0, SCL, CLK</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DATA, SDA, D1, MOSI</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RES, RST, RESET</td>
<td>13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DC, A0</td>
<td>11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CS, Puce Sélectionner</td>
<td>12</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>Remarque:</strong> vous ne pourrez pas visualiser le rétroéclairage / allumer le module OLED en le mettant simplement sous tension. Vous devez le programmer correctement pour noter tout changement sur laffichage OLED.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="programmation-de-laffichage-oled-ssd1306-pour-arduino">Programmation de laffichage OLED SSD1306 pour Arduino</h3>
<p>Une fois que les connexions sont prêtes, vous pouvez commencer à programmer lArduino. Nous utiliserons la bibliothèque Adafruit et la bibliothèque GFX pour travailler avec ce module OLED.</p>
<font color="red">**ATTENTION** si vous utilisez une carte **Arduino Nano** , il faut sélectionner **Arduino Duemilanove ...** comme type de carte dans l'applicarion IDE Arduino </font>
<p>Suivez les étapes pour tester votre écran OLED.</p>
<p><strong>Étape 1:</strong> Téléchargez la bibliothèque Adafruit et la bibliothèque GFX de Github en utilisant le lien ci-dessous.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306">Bibliothèque Adafruit</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library">Bibliothèque graphique GFX</a></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Étape 2:</strong> Vous téléchargez les deux fichiers Zip. Maintenant, ajoutez-les à votre Arduino en suivant<br />
<strong>Croquis -&gt; Inclure une bibliothèque -&gt; Ajouter la bibliothèque .Zip</strong><br />
Ensuite, sélectionnez la bibliothèque que nous venons de télécharger. Vous ne pouvez sélectionner quune bibliothèque à la fois, vous devez donc répéter cette étape pour les 2 ZIP.</p>
<p><strong>Étape 3:</strong> Lancez lexemple de programme en sélectionnant <strong>Fichier-&gt; Exemples-&gt; Adafruit SSD1306 -&gt; SSD1306_128x64_SPI</strong></p>
<p><strong>Étape 4:</strong> Téléverser le programme et vous devriez voir lécran OLED sallumer avec le code exemple Adafruit par défaut</p>
<h3 id="quelques-explications-sur-le-programme">Quelques explications sur le programme</h3>
<h4 id="affichage-et-effacement-de-lécran">Affichage et effacement de lécran:</h4>
<p>Écrire sur un écran OLED, cest comme écrire sur un tableau noir. Nous devons écrire les valeurs, puis les nettoyer avant de pouvoir les écraser. Les commandes suivantes sont utilisées pour écrire et effacer laffichage</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="c1">//Write to display</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clearDisplay</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="c1">//clear the display</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="affichage-dune-variable-caractère">Affichage dune variable caractère</h4>
<p>Pour afficher le contenu à lintérieur dune variable, le code suivant peut être utilisé.</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//the variable to be displayed</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setTextSize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//Select the size of the text</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setTextColor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//for monochrome display only whit is possible</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setCursor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//0,0 is the top left corner of the OLED screen</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//Write the variable to be displayed</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="tracer-une-ligne-un-cercle-une-rectangle-un-triangle">Tracer une ligne, un cercle, une rectangle, un triangle:</h4>
<p>Si vous souhaitez ajouter des symboles à votre affichage, vous pouvez utiliser le code suivant pour dessiner lun des éléments suivants:</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">drawLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">//void drawLine( x0, y0, x1, y1, color);</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">drawRect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">//void drawRect( x0, y0, w, h, color);</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">drawTriangle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">//void drawTriangle( x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, color);</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">drawCircle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">//void drawCircle( x0, y0, r, color);</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="afficher-une-chaîne-de-caractères-à-lécran">Afficher une chaîne de caractères à lécran</h4>
<p>Le bloc de code suivant peut être utilisé pour afficher nimporte quel message à lécran à un endroit et à une taille particuliers</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setTextSize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//set the size of the text</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setTextColor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//color setting</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setCursor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//The string will start at 10,0 (x,y)</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clearDisplay</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="c1">//Eraser any previous display on the screen</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Circuit Digest"</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">//Print the string here “Circuit Digest”</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="c1">//send the text to the screen</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="afficher-une-image-bitmap">Afficher une image bitmap</h4>
<p>Une chose peu fiable qui peut être faite avec le module OLED est quil peut être utilisé pour afficher des bitmaps. Le code suivant est utilisé pour afficher une image bitmap</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">static</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">unsigned</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="n">PROGMEM</span> <span class="n">logo16_glcd_bmp</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span>
<span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">B00000000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11000000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00000001</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11000000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00000001</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11000000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00000011</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11100000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B11110011</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11100000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B11111110</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11111000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B01111110</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11111111</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00110011</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B10011111</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00011111</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11111100</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00001101</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B01110000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00011011</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B10100000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00111111</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11100000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00111111</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11110000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B01111100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B11110000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B01110000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B01110000</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">B00000000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B00110000</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">display</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">drawBitmap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">XPO</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">YPOS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bitmap</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">//void drawBitmap( x, y, *bitmap, w, h, color);</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>pour afficher une image, les données bitmap doivent être stockées dans la mémoire du programme sous forme de directive PROMGMEM. En termes simples, nous devons indiquer à laffichage OLED quoi faire avec chaque pixel en lui transmettant une séquence ou les valeurs dun tableau, comme indiqué ci-dessus. Ce tableau contiendra les données bitmap de limage.</p>
<p>Cela peut paraître compliqué, mais à laide dun <a href="http://javl.github.io/image2cpp/">outil Web</a>, il est très facile de convertir une image en valeurs bitmap et de la charger dans le tableau ci-dessus.</p>
<p><img src="/images/convert-image-into-bit-map-values-OLED-display.png" alt="" /></p>
<p><img src="/images/batman-logo-on-Monochrome-7-pin-SSD1306-0.96-OLED-display.jpg" alt="" width="200" /></p>
<h3 id="liens">Liens</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-ssd1306-oled-display">Interfacing SSD1306 OLED Display with Arduino</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.brainy-bits.com/connect-and-use-a-spi-oled-display/">How to connect and use an SPI OLED Display</a></li>
<li><a href="http://henrysbench.capnfatz.com/henrys-bench/arduino-displays/oled-arduino-blue-1-3-sh1106-display-quick-start-tutorial/">OLED Arduino Blue 1.3″ SH1106 Display Quick Start Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="moniteurs-oled-ssd1306-avec-raspberry-pi">Moniteurs OLED SSD1306 avec Raspberry Pi</h2>
<p>Utilisation dun des <a href="https://learn.adafruit.com/monochrome-oled-breakouts">écrans OLED basés sur SSD1306</a> , avec la <a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_SSD1306">bibliothèque Python SSD1306</a> !</p>
<p>Bien quils soient petits (environ un pouce de taille), ces écrans produisent une belle image nette de 128x32 ou 128x64 pixels. Connecter lécran à un Raspberry Pi est également facile grâce au support de 3,3 volts de lécran et à linterface I2C ou SPI.</p>
<p>Ce guide vous expliquera comment connecter lécran à un Raspberry Pi et comment installer et utiliser la bibliothèque SSD1306 Python. Assurez-vous que votre Raspberry Pi utilise le dernier système dexploitation Raspbian.</p>
<h3 id="câblage-raspberry-pi">Câblage Raspberry Pi</h3>
<p>Vous pouvez connecter un OLED au Raspberry Pi à laide de linterface I2C ou SPI du Pi. Si votre OLED prend en charge à la fois I2C et SPI, assurez-vous de vérifier la <a href="https://learn.adafruit.com/monochrome-oled-breakouts/wiring-1-dot-3-128x64">configuration des cavaliers de soudure pour afficher la bonne interface</a>.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>En général, I2C utilise moins de broches mais est plus lent. SPI est très rapide, mais nécessite beaucoup de broches supplémentaires. Choisissez en fonction de vos besoins!</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>I2C</strong><br />
Pour utiliser le Pi avec un écran I2C, câblez-le comme suit:<br />
<img src="/images/raspberry_pi_RaspberryPi_I2C_bb.png" alt="" width="600" /><br />
NOTE: Assurez-vous d <a href="https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruits-raspberry-pi-lesson-4-gpio-setup/configuring-i2c">activer I2C sur votre Pi</a> avant de le brancher!</p>
<ul>
<li>Connectez la masse de lécran à la masse du Raspberry Pi (fil noir).</li>
<li>Connectez l écran VIN à Raspberry Pi 3,3 volts (fil rouge).</li>
<li>Connectez l écran RST au Raspberry Pi GPIO 24 (fil bleu). Vous pouvez également utiliser nimporte quelle broche GPIO numérique libre pour la broche de réinitialisation.</li>
<li>Connectez l écran SCL au Raspberry Pi SCL (fil violet).</li>
<li>Connectez l écran SDA au Raspberry Pi SDA (fil orange).</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>SPI</strong><br />
Pour utiliser le Pi avec un écran SPI, connectez-le comme suit:
<img src="/images/raspberry_pi_RaspberryPi_SPI_bb.png" alt="" width="600" /><br />
Note : Activer le SPI sur le raspberry</p>
<ul>
<li>Connectez la masse de lécran à la masse du Raspberry Pi (fil noir).</li>
<li>Connectez l écran VIN à Raspberry Pi 3,3 volts (fil rouge).</li>
<li>Connectez l écran CS à Raspberry Pi CE0 (fil jaune).</li>
<li>Connectez l écran RST au Raspberry Pi GPIO 24 (fil bleu). Vous pouvez également utiliser nimporte quelle broche GPIO numérique libre pour la broche de réinitialisation.</li>
<li>Connectez l écran CC à Raspberry Pi GPIO 23 (câble cyan). Vous pouvez également utiliser nimporte quelle broche GPIO numérique libre pour la broche CC.</li>
<li>Connectez l écran CLK à Raspberry Pi SCLK (fil orange).</li>
<li>Connectez les données daffichage à Raspberry Pi MOSI (fil violet).</li>
</ul>
<p>Notez que le câblage ci-dessus utilise le bus matériel SPI du Raspberry Pi pour communiquer avec lécran. Si vous ne lavez pas déjà fait avec votre Pi, veillez à éditer le fichier blacklist.conf pour commenter la ligne qui désactive SPI. Redémarrez votre Pi et vous devriez voir que les fichiers /dev/spidev0.0 et /dev/spidev0.1 sont maintenant disponibles.</p>
<p>Lutilisation du matériel SPI est idéale pour obtenir la réponse la plus rapide de lécran. Toutefois, si vous avez besoin de plus de flexibilité dans lutilisation des broches, vous pouvez utiliser une implémentation SPI logicielle avec 5 broches GPIO numériques gratuites. Voir lexemple dutilisation du code à la page suivante pour plus dinformations sur la configuration du logiciel SPI.</p>
<h3 id="les-dépendances">Les dépendances</h3>
<p>Avant dutiliser la bibliothèque, vous devez vous assurer que quelques dépendances sont installées. Connectez-vous à votre appareil à laide de SSH et suivez les étapes ci-dessous.</p>
<p>Si vous utilisez un Raspberry Pi, installez la bibliothèque RPi.GPIO en exécutant:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev python-pip
sudo pip install RPi.GPIO
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Si vous utilisez un BeagleBone Black, installez la bibliothèque Adafruit_BBIO en exécutant:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev python-pip
sudo pip install Adafruit_BBIO
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Enfin, sur Raspberry Pi et Beaglebone Black, installez la bibliothèque dimagerie Python et la bibliothèque smbus en exécutant:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt-get install python-imaging python-smbus
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Maintenant, pour télécharger et installer le code de la bibliothèque SSD1306 python et des exemples, exécutez les commandes suivantes:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_SSD1306.git
cd Adafruit_Python_SSD1306
sudo python setup.py install
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="utilisation">Utilisation</h3>
<p>Dans le sous-répertoire examples, vous trouverez des scripts python qui illustrent lutilisation de la bibliothèque. Pour vous aider à démarrer, je vais parcourir le code shape.py ci-dessous:</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">import</span> <span class="n">time</span>
<span class="n">import</span> <span class="n">Adafruit_GPIO</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">SPI</span> <span class="n">as</span> <span class="n">SPI</span>
<span class="n">import</span> <span class="n">Adafruit_SSD1306</span>
<span class="n">import</span> <span class="n">Image</span>
<span class="n">import</span> <span class="n">ImageDraw</span>
<span class="n">import</span> <span class="n">ImageFont</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Quelques modules sont dabord importés, y compris le module Adafruit_SSD1306 qui contient les classes du pilote daffichage OLED. Vous pouvez également voir certains des modules de la bibliothèque dimagerie Python tels que Image, ImageDraw et ImageFont en cours dimportation.</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"># Raspberry Pi pin configuration:
</span><span class="n">RST</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">24</span>
<span class="cp"># Note the following are only used with SPI:
</span><span class="n">DC</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">23</span>
<span class="n">SPI_PORT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">SPI_DEVICE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="cp"># Beaglebone Black pin configuration:
# RST = 'P9_12'
# Note the following are only used with SPI:
# DC = 'P9_15'
# SPI_PORT = 1
# SPI_DEVICE = 0
</span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ensuite, certaines valeurs de configuration sont définies en fonction de la plate-forme. Si vous utilisez le BeagleBone Black, vous devrez commenter les lignes de configuration des broches du Raspberry Pi et décommenter les lignes de configuration du BeagleBone Black.</p>
<p>Si vous souhaitez passer à une autre broche RST ou DC, vous pouvez mettre à jour les valeurs des broches RST et DC respectivement. Vous pouvez également modifier le port et le périphérique SPI, mais je vous recommande de vous en tenir aux interfaces ci-dessus, car elles ont été testées et fonctionnent normalement.</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"># 128x32 display with hardware I2C:
</span><span class="n">disp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Adafruit_SSD1306</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">SSD1306_128_32</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rst</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">RST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="cp"># 128x64 display with hardware I2C:
# disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_64(rst=RST)
</span>
<span class="cp"># Alternatively you can specify an explicit I2C bus number, for example
# with the 128x32 display you would use:
# disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST, i2c_bus=2)
</span>
<span class="cp"># 128x32 display with hardware SPI:
# disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST, dc=DC, spi=SPI.SpiDev(SPI_PORT, SPI_DEVICE, max_speed_hz=8000000))
</span>
<span class="cp"># 128x64 display with hardware SPI:
# disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_64(rst=RST, dc=DC, spi=SPI.SpiDev(SPI_PORT, SPI_DEVICE, max_speed_hz=8000000))
</span>
<span class="cp"># Alternatively you can specify a software SPI implementation by providing
# digital GPIO pin numbers for all the required display pins. For example
# on a Raspberry Pi with the 128x32 display you might use:
# disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=RST, dc=DC, sclk=18, din=25, cs=22)
</span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>Sous les valeurs de configuration se trouve la configuration de la classe daffichage. Vous pouvez créer deux classes, <strong>SSD1306_128_32</strong> ou <strong>SSD1306_128_64</strong> . La classe SSD1306_128_32 représente un affichage 128x32 pixels et la classe SSD1306_128_64 représente un affichage 128x64 pixels.</p>
<p>En plus de la taille de laffichage, vous configurez également linterface utilisée par laffichage dans ces lignes. Les deux premiers exemples utilisent linterface I2C et doivent uniquement spécifier une broche RST. En interne, la bibliothèque SSD1306 recherchera le numéro de bus I2C par défaut pour la plate-forme et lutilisera - si vous avez suivi le câblage dans ce guide, vous devez être prêt! Toutefois, si vous devez contrôler explicitement le numéro de bus I2C, le troisième exemple montre comment le spécifier avec un paramètre i2c_bus.</p>
<p>Les trois derniers exemples montrent comment configurer linterface SPI. Pour le SPI basé sur le hardare, vous devez seulement spécifier la broche RST, la broche DC et le périphérique SPI matériel. Utilisez lun de ces exemples si vous avez suivi les instructions de ce guide. Toutefois, si vous souhaitez utiliser une interface SPI logicielle, le dernier exemple montre comment spécifier chaque broche SPI pour un Raspberry Pi (pour un BeagleBone Black, il suffit de modifier les valeurs des broches en fonction des broches que vous utilisez).</p>
<p>Décommentez la ligne daffichage appropriée en fonction de la taille de votre affichage et de linterface que vous utilisez pour communiquer avec celui-ci. Le code suppose que vous utilisez un écran 128 x 32 pixels communiquant via le matériel I2C. Toutefois, si vous utilisez un écran ou un protocole différent, <strong>décommentez la ligne appropriée</strong> . Assurez-vous de <strong>commenter toutes les autres lignes</strong> qui ne sont pas utilisées!</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"># Initialize library.
</span><span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="cp"># Clear display.
</span><span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="cp"># Create blank image for drawing.
# Make sure to create image with mode '1' for 1-bit color.
</span><span class="n">width</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">width</span>
<span class="n">height</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">height</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Image</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sc">'1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="cp"># Get drawing object to draw on image.
</span><span class="n">draw</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ImageDraw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Draw</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="cp"># Draw a black filled box to clear the image.
</span><span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rectangle</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">height</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">outline</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le bit de code suivant initialisera la bibliothèque daffichage, effacera laffichage et configurera une classe de dessin PIL pour préparer le dessin. Notez que le tampon dimage est créé en mode 1 bit avec le paramètre 1, ce qui est important car laffichage ne prend en charge que les couleurs noir et blanc.</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"># Draw some shapes.
# First define some constants to allow easy resizing of shapes.
</span><span class="n">padding</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="n">shape_width</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">20</span>
<span class="n">top</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">padding</span>
<span class="n">bottom</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">padding</span>
<span class="cp"># Move left to right keeping track of the current x position for drawing shapes.
</span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">padding</span>
<span class="cp"># Draw an ellipse.
</span><span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ellipse</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bottom</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">outline</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">padding</span>
<span class="cp"># Draw a rectangle.
</span><span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rectangle</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bottom</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">outline</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">padding</span>
<span class="cp"># Draw a triangle.
</span><span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">polygon</span><span class="p">([(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bottom</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bottom</span><span class="p">)],</span> <span class="n">outline</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">padding</span>
<span class="cp"># Draw an X.
</span><span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">line</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bottom</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">line</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bottom</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">shape_width</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">padding</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Une fois que laffichage est initialisé et quun objet de dessin est préparé, vous pouvez dessiner des formes et des graphiques à laide des <a href="http://effbot.org/imagingbook/imagedraw.htm">PILs drawing commands</a> . Le code effectue dabord un petit travail pour redimensionner les dessins en fonction de la taille daffichage, puis il se déplace de gauche à droite en dessinant chaque forme.</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"># Load default font.
</span><span class="n">font</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ImageFont</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">load_default</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="cp"># Alternatively load a TTF font.
# Some other nice fonts to try: http://www.dafont.com/bitmap.php
#font = ImageFont.truetype('Minecraftia.ttf', 8)
</span>
<span class="cp"># Write two lines of text.
</span><span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="err">'</span><span class="n">Hello</span><span class="err">'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">font</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">font</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">draw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">top</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="err">'</span><span class="n">World</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="err">'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">font</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">font</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fill</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ensuite, le code charge une police par défaut intégrée et dessine quelques lignes de texte. Vous pouvez également charger votre propre police TrueType et lutiliser pour le rendu du t</p>
<div class="language-c highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"># Display image.
</span><span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">disp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Enfin, limage créée est écrite dans la mémoire tampon daffichage, qui doit alors afficher sa mémoire tampon. Noubliez pas que chaque fois que vous modifiez limage pour quelle soit visible sur lécran, vous devez appeler les fonctions dimage et daffichage!</p>
<p>Cest tout ce quil y a dans le code shape.py! Vous pouvez exécuter le code en exécutant cette commande dans le répertoire examples:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo python shape.py
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Assurez-vous dexécuter en tant que root avec la commande sudo pour que le programme ait accès au matériel.<br />
Si vous exécutez lexemple de <strong>shapes.py</strong>, vous devriez voir quelque chose comme ceci (sur un affichage 128x64):</p>
<p><img src="/images/oled-shapes.png" alt="" width="200" /></p>
<p>Découvrez les autres exemples inclus dans la bibliothèque, tels que <strong>animate.py</strong>, qui affiche un outil de défilement de texte animé, et image.py, qui affiche une image chargée à partir dun fichier. Modifiez la configuration en haut de chaque exemple, comme vous lavez fait pour lexemple de <strong>shapes.py</strong> ci-dessus, puis exécutez-les comme si vous utilisiez <strong>shapes.py</strong> mais en remplaçant le nom de fichier approprié.(<a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_SSD1306">github, bibliothèque Adafruit Python SSD1306</a>)</p>
</div>
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