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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">KVM/QEMU Outils de virtualisation</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="KVM/QEMU Outils de virtualisation"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">24&nbsp;sept.&nbsp;2020</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2020-09-24T00:00:00+02:00">
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</details><h3 id="qemu">QEMU</h3>
<p><a href="http://qemu.org/"><img src="/images/image0001.png" alt="QEMU" width="50" /> QEMU</a> est un émulateur et un virtualisateur de machine générique et open source. Lorsquil est utilisé comme émulateur, le QEMU peut exécuter des systèmes dexploitation et des programmes conçus pour une machine (par exemple une carte ARM) sur une autre machine (par exemple votre propre PC x86_64). Lorsquelle est utilisée comme virtualisateur, la QEMU atteint des performances quasi natives en exécutant le code invité directement sur lunité centrale hôte à laide de KVM.</p>
<h3 id="kvm">KVM</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.linux-kvm.org/"><img src="/images/image0002.png" alt="KVM" width="50" /> KVM</a> (pour Kernel-based Virtual Machine) est une solution de virtualisation complète pour Linux sur du matériel contenant des extensions de virtualisation. Elle consiste en un module de noyau chargeable qui expose les API de virtualisation à lespace utilisateur pour une utilisation par des applications telles que QEMU.</p>
<h3 id="libvirt">Libvirt</h3>
<p><a href="http://libvirt.org/"><img src="/images/image0003.png" alt="Libvirt" width="50" /> libvirt</a> est une bibliothèque et un démon fournissant une API open source stable pour la gestion des hôtes de virtualisation. Il cible plusieurs hyperviseurs, dont QEMU, KVM, LXC, Xen, OpenVZ, VMWare ESX, VirtualBox et bien dautres.</p>
<h3 id="libguestfs">Libguestfs</h3>
<p><a href="http://libguestfs.org/"><img src="/images/image0004.png" alt="Libguestfs" width="50" /> libguestfs</a> est un ensemble doutils permettant daccéder et de modifier les images disque des machines virtuelles (VM). Vous pouvez lutiliser pour visualiser et modifier des fichiers à lintérieur des invités, pour scripter des modifications aux VM, pour surveiller les statistiques des disques utilisés / libres, pour créer des invités, P2V, V2V, pour effectuer des sauvegardes, cloner des VM, construire des VM, formater des disques, redimensionner des disques, et bien plus encore.</p>
<h3 id="virt-manager">virt-manager</h3>
<p><a href="http://virt-manager.org/"><img src="/images/image0005.png" alt="virt-manager" width="50" /> virt-manager</a> est une interface utilisateur de bureau permettant de gérer des machines virtuelles via libvirt. Il vise principalement les VM KVM, mais gère également Xen et LXC. Il comprend également loutil de provisionnement en ligne de commande virt-install.</p>
<h3 id="libosinfo">libosinfo</h3>
<p><a href="http://libosinfo.org/"><img src="/images/image0006.png" alt="libosinfo" width="50" /> libosinfo</a> fournit une base de données dinformations sur les versions des systèmes dexploitation afin daider à configurer le matériel de manière optimale lors du déploiement de machines virtuelles. Il comprend une bibliothèque C pour la recherche dinformations dans la base de données, qui est également accessible depuis nimporte quel langage supporté par GObject Introspection.</p>
<h2 id="différences-entre-qemu-et-kvm">Différences entre QEMU et KVM</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Traductation de larticle original “<a href="https://www.packetflow.co.uk/what-is-the-difference-between-qemu-and-kvm/">What Is the Difference between QEMU and KVM? </a> by <a href="https://www.packetflow.co.uk/author/rick/">Rick Donato</a> on January 22, 2020”</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="qemu-1">QEMU</h3>
<p><u>QEMU est un hyperviseur de type 2</u> (cest-à-dire fonctionnant sur un système dexploitation hôte) permettant deffectuer une virtualisation matérielle (à ne pas confondre avec la virtualisation assistée par ordinateur), telle que disque, réseau, VGA, PCI, USB, ports série/parallèle, etc. Il est flexible en ce sens quil peut émuler des processeurs via une traduction binaire dynamique (DBT) permettant au code écrit pour un processeur donné dêtre exécuté sur un autre (par exemple ARM sur x86, ou PPC sur ARM). Bien que la QEMU puisse fonctionner seule et émuler toutes les ressources de la machine virtuelle, comme toute lémulation est effectuée dans un logiciel, elle est extrêmement lente.</p>
<h3 id="kvm-1">KVM</h3>
<p><u>KVM est un module du noyau Linux. C'est un hyperviseur de type 1</u> qui est une solution de virtualisation complète pour Linux sur du matériel x86 contenant des extensions de virtualisation (Intel VT ou AMD-V) (<a href="https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/KVM">“Features/KVM - QEMU.” 6 Feb. 2017</a>).<br />
Mais quest-ce que la virtualisation complète, me direz-vous ?<br />
Lorsquune unité centrale est émulée (vCPU) par lhyperviseur, celui-ci doit traduire les instructions destinées à la vCPU vers lunité centrale physique. Comme vous pouvez limaginer, cela a un impact considérable sur les performances. Pour surmonter ce problème, les processeurs modernes prennent en charge des extensions de virtualisation, telles que Intel VT-x et AMD-V. Ces technologies permettent de faire correspondre directement une partie du processeur physique à lunité centrale virtuelle. Ainsi, les instructions destinées à la vCPU peuvent être directement exécutées sur la tranche du CPU physique(<a href="http://saravananlinux.blogspot.com/2015/07/kvm-qemu.html">“KVM &amp; Qemu - saravananlinux.” 20 Jul. 2015</a>).</p>
<h3 id="résumé">Résumé</h3>
<p>Comme mentionné précédemment, la QEMU peut fonctionner indépendamment, mais en raison de lémulation entièrement réalisée dans le logiciel, elle est extrêmement lente. Pour surmonter ce problème, la QEMU permet dutiliser la KVM comme accélérateur afin de pouvoir utiliser les extensions de virtualisation de lunité centrale physique.<br />
Pour conclure :</p>
<ul>
<li>Le QEMU est un hyperviseur de type 2 qui fonctionne dans lespace utilisateur et effectue une émulation matérielle virtuelle</li>
<li>KVM est un hyperviseur de type 1 qui fonctionne dans lespace noyau, qui permet à un programme de lespace utilisateur daccéder aux fonctions de virtualisation matérielle de divers processeurs (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QEMU">“QEMU - Wikipedia.” </a>)</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/images/qemu-kvm.png" alt="qemu-kvm" /><br />
Aperçu de haut niveau de lenvironnement de virtualisation KVM/QEMU (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine">“Kernel-based Virtual Machine - Wikipedia.”</a>)</p>
<p>Enfin, il convient également de mentionner un peu dhistoire, qui, à mon avis, a entraîné une certaine confusion autour de la MVK/QEMU. Auparavant, KVM était une fourchette de QEMU, appelée qemu-kvm. Cependant, elle a maintenant été fusionnée avec lUQEM en amont et la bifurcation a maintenant été supprimée. Ou en dautres termes, comme pour Linux KVM,</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Le composant noyau de <strong>KVM</strong> est inclus dans le système Linux principal depuis la version 2.6.20.<br />
Le composant “userspace” de <strong>KVM</strong> est inclus dans le <strong>QEMU</strong> principal, à partir de la version 1.3 (<a href="https://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page">T”Linux KVM.”</a>)</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="virtmanager">VirtManager</h2>
<h3 id="kvm---vidéo-dinstallation">KVM - Vidéo dinstallation</h3>
<p><img src="/images/image0005.png" alt="image0005" width="50" /> Dans ce tutoriel vidéo, nous utiliserons un outil appelé virt-manager qui vous permet dutiliser une interface graphique pour interagir avec une machine virtuelle basée sur le noyau (KVM)
Habituellement, la plupart des personnes qui ont besoin dun outil pour créer des machines virtuelles, utilisent probablement Virtual Box ou VMware. Il sagit doutils tiers qui fournissent leurs propres technologies de virtualisation pour une utilisation sous Linux.
Heureusement, vous navez pas vraiment besoin de ces outils car le noyau Linux a intégré une technologie de visualisation appelée KVM.
Dans la vidéo suivante, je vous montre comment le faire :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>• Vérifier si votre processeur a des capacités de virtualisation (99,99 %)
• Installer Virt-Manager sur Ubuntu
• Installer des dépendances
• Créez un nouveau Disks pools dans votre dossier Home afin que nous puissions éviter d'utiliser la partition système (si vous avez séparé / et /home)
• Créer une machine virtuelle, configurer la RAM et le CPU, créer un disque dur virtuel pour le système d'exploitation invité
• Quelques options utiles (icône de la barre d'état système, mode plein écran, pause, reprise, etc.
• Rattachement du fichier ISO à la VM pour pouvoir redémarrer à partir du support d'installation
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmJDdOz9NbA"><img src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/CmJDdOz9NbA/0.jpg" alt="Installer KVM" /></a></p>
<p>Autre lien :</p>
<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yh_3sgXtl0Q"><img src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/Yh_3sgXtl0Q/0.jpg" alt="KVM/QEMU with virt-manager setup" /></a></p>
<h3 id="migrer-vm-virtual-box--virt-manager">migrer VM Virtual Box → Virt Manager</h3>
<p>Dans ce tutoriel vidéo, je vais vous montrer comment migrer vos machines Virtual Box vers le Virt Manager.</p>
<p>Vous avez peut-être déjà quelques VM dans votre VirtualBox et après avoir regardé la vidéo de la première partie, vous avez peut-être commencé à considérer quil est temps de lancer le processus de migration vers la machine virtuelle basée sur le noyau.
Les commandes que jutilise sont :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>VBoxManage clonehd disk.vdi disk.raw --format raw
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>qui convertira limage disque des machines Virtual Box en un format de disque brut (raw)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>qemu-img convert -f raw disk.raw -O qcow2 disk.qcow2
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>qui convertira limage disque brute en un format compressé qcow2. Nous faisons cela parce que le format de disque brut consomme beaucoup despace disque. Une fois que vous avez converti toutes les images virtuelles, vous pouvez supprimer complètement VirtualBox de votre système en toute sécurité</p>
<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Z13VOEV6PU”"><img src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/6Z13VOEV6PU/0.jpg" alt="Migrer vers KVM" /></a></p>
<h2 id="kvm---instantané-vm-avec-virsh">KVM - Instantané VM avec virsh</h2>
<p><strong>Comment créer un instantané (snapshot) de machine virtuelle KVM avec la commande virsh ?</strong><br />
Linstantané de la machine virtuelle est une copie du disque de la machine virtuelle à un moment précis. En dautres termes, on peut dire que linstantané conserve ou préserve létat et les données dune machine virtuelle à un moment donné.</p>
<p><strong>Où pouvons-nous utiliser les instantanés de machines virtuelles ?</strong><br />
Si vous travaillez sur des hyperviseurs basés sur la technologie KVM, nous pouvons prendre des instantanés de machines virtuelles ou de domaines en utilisant la commande <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">virsh</code><br />
Linstantané devient très utile dans une situation où vous avez installé ou appliqué les derniers correctifs sur la VM mais où, pour certaines raisons, lapplication hébergée dans les VM devient instable et léquipe chargée de lapplication veut annuler tous les changements ou correctifs.<br />
Si vous avez pris linstantané de la VM avant dappliquer les correctifs, nous pouvons restaurer ou remettre la VM dans son état précédent en utilisant linstantané.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note : <u>Nous pouvons seulement prendre l'instantané des VM dont le format de disque est Qcow2</u> , le format de disque brut nest pas supporté par la commande kvm <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">virsh</code><br />
Utiliser la commande ci-dessous pour convertir le format de disque brut en qcow2<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"># qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 image-name.img image-name.qcow2</code></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="créer-une-vm-instantané-snapshot">Créer une VM Instantané (Snapshot)</h3>
<p>Je suppose que lhyperviseur KVM est déjà configuré sur le boîtier Archlinux/Debian/CentOS 7/ RHEL 7 et que les VM fonctionnent dessus. <br />
Nous pouvons lister toutes les VMs de lhyperviseur en utilisant la commande virsh ci-dessous,</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh list --all
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
94 centos7.0 running
101 overcloud-controller running
102 overcloud-compute2 running
103 overcloud-compute1 running
114 webserver running
115 Test-MTN running
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Supposons que nous voulions créer un instantané de la VM “webserver”, exécutez la commande ci-dessous,</p>
<p>Syntaxe : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">virsh snapshot-create-as domain {vm_name} name {snapshot_name} description “enter description here”</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh snapshot-create-as --domain webserver --name webserver_snap --description "snap before patch on 4Feb2018"
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Domain snapshot webserver_snap created
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Une fois que linstantané est créé, nous pouvons lister les instantanés liés à la VM en utilisant la commande ci-dessous,</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh snapshot-list webserver
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> Name Creation Time State
------------------------------------------------------------
webserver_snap 2018-02-04 15:05:05 +0530 running
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Pour afficher les informations détaillées de linstantané de VM, lancez la commande virsh ci-dessous,</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh snapshot-info --domain webserver --snapshotname webserver_snap
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Name: webserver_snap
Domain: webserver
Current: yes
State: running
Location: internal
Parent: -
Children: 0
Descendants: 0
Metadata: yes
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Nous pouvons visualiser la taille de linstantané en utilisant la commande qemu-img ci-dessous,</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>qemu-img info /var/lib/libvirt/images/snaptestvm.img
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><img src="/images/qemu-img-command-output-kvm.png" alt="qemu-img-command-output-kvm" width="700" /></p>
<h3 id="restauration-vm-avec-un-instantané">Restauration VM avec un instantané</h3>
<p>Supposons que nous voulions revenir ou restaurer la VM du serveur web sur linstantané que nous avons créé à létape précédente. Utilisez la commande virsh ci-dessous pour restaurer la VM du serveur web à son instantané “webserver_snap”.</p>
<p>Syntaxe : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">virsh snapshot-revert {vm_name} {snapshot_name}</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh snapsh-revert webserver webserver_snap
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="supprimer-les-instantanés-de-la-vm">Supprimer les instantanés de la VM</h3>
<p>Pour supprimer les instantanés de la machine virtuelle KVM, obtenez dabord les détails de linstantané de la VM en utilisant la commande “virsh snapshshot-list”, puis utilisez la commande “virsh snapshshot-delete” pour supprimer linstantané. Un exemple est présenté ci-dessous :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh snapshot-list --domain webserver
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> Name Creation Time State
------------------------------------------------------------
webserver_snap 2018-02-04 15:05:05 +0530 running
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>virsh snapshot-delete --domain webserver --snapshotname webserver_snap
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Domain snapshot webserver_snap deleted
</code></pre></div></div>
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if (!modalVisible && !window.isFormElement(e.target || e.srcElement) && (e.which === 83 || e.which === 191)) {
modalVisible || searchModal.show();
}
});
if (useDefaultSearchBox) {
$searchBox = $('.js-search-box');
$searchInput = $searchBox.children('input');
$searchClear = $searchBox.children('.js-icon-clear');
search.getSearchInput = function() {
return $searchInput.get(0);
};
search.getVal = function() {
return $searchInput.val();
};
search.setVal = function(val) {
$searchInput.val(val);
};
$searchInput.on('focus', function() {
$(this).addClass('focus');
});
$searchInput.on('blur', function() {
$(this).removeClass('focus');
});
$searchInput.on('input', window.throttle(function() {
var val = $(this).val();
if (val === '' || typeof val !== 'string') {
search.clear && search.clear();
} else {
$searchBox.addClass('not-empty');
search.onInputNotEmpty && search.onInputNotEmpty(val);
}
}, 400));
$searchClear.on('click', function() {
$searchInput.val(''); $searchBox.removeClass('not-empty');
search.clear && search.clear();
});
}
});
})();
</script><div class="search search--dark">
<div class="main">
<div class="search__header">Recherche</div>
<div class="search-bar">
<div class="search-box js-search-box">
<div class="search-box__icon-search"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></div>
<input id="search-input" type="text" />
<div class="search-box__icon-clear js-icon-clear">
<a><i class="fas fa-times"></i></a>
</div>
</div>
<button class="button button--theme-dark button--pill search__cancel js-search-toggle">
Annuler</button>
</div>
<div id="results-container" class="search-result js-search-result"></div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Script pointing to search-script.js -->
<script>/*!
* Simple-Jekyll-Search
* Copyright 2015-2020, Christian Fei
* Licensed under the MIT License.
*/
(function(){
'use strict'
var _$Templater_7 = {
compile: compile,
setOptions: setOptions
}
const options = {}
options.pattern = /\{(.*?)\}/g
options.template = ''
options.middleware = function () {}
function setOptions (_options) {
options.pattern = _options.pattern || options.pattern
options.template = _options.template || options.template
if (typeof _options.middleware === 'function') {
options.middleware = _options.middleware
}
}
function compile (data) {
return options.template.replace(options.pattern, function (match, prop) {
const value = options.middleware(prop, data[prop], options.template)
if (typeof value !== 'undefined') {
return value
}
return data[prop] || match
})
}
'use strict';
function fuzzysearch (needle, haystack) {
var tlen = haystack.length;
var qlen = needle.length;
if (qlen > tlen) {
return false;
}
if (qlen === tlen) {
return needle === haystack;
}
outer: for (var i = 0, j = 0; i < qlen; i++) {
var nch = needle.charCodeAt(i);
while (j < tlen) {
if (haystack.charCodeAt(j++) === nch) {
continue outer;
}
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
var _$fuzzysearch_1 = fuzzysearch;
'use strict'
/* removed: const _$fuzzysearch_1 = require('fuzzysearch') */;
var _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 = new FuzzySearchStrategy()
function FuzzySearchStrategy () {
this.matches = function (string, crit) {
return _$fuzzysearch_1(crit.toLowerCase(), string.toLowerCase())
}
}
'use strict'
var _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6 = new LiteralSearchStrategy()
function LiteralSearchStrategy () {
this.matches = function (str, crit) {
if (!str) return false
str = str.trim().toLowerCase()
crit = crit.trim().toLowerCase()
return crit.split(' ').filter(function (word) {
return str.indexOf(word) >= 0
}).length === crit.split(' ').length
}
}
'use strict'
var _$Repository_4 = {
put: put,
clear: clear,
search: search,
setOptions: __setOptions_4
}
/* removed: const _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 = require('./SearchStrategies/FuzzySearchStrategy') */;
/* removed: const _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6 = require('./SearchStrategies/LiteralSearchStrategy') */;
function NoSort () {
return 0
}
const data = []
let opt = {}
opt.fuzzy = false
opt.limit = 10
opt.searchStrategy = opt.fuzzy ? _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 : _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6
opt.sort = NoSort
opt.exclude = []
function put (data) {
if (isObject(data)) {
return addObject(data)
}
if (isArray(data)) {
return addArray(data)
}
return undefined
}
function clear () {
data.length = 0
return data
}
function isObject (obj) {
return Boolean(obj) && Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Object]'
}
function isArray (obj) {
return Boolean(obj) && Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]'
}
function addObject (_data) {
data.push(_data)
return data
}
function addArray (_data) {
const added = []
clear()
for (let i = 0, len = _data.length; i < len; i++) {
if (isObject(_data[i])) {
added.push(addObject(_data[i]))
}
}
return added
}
function search (crit) {
if (!crit) {
return []
}
return findMatches(data, crit, opt.searchStrategy, opt).sort(opt.sort)
}
function __setOptions_4 (_opt) {
opt = _opt || {}
opt.fuzzy = _opt.fuzzy || false
opt.limit = _opt.limit || 10
opt.searchStrategy = _opt.fuzzy ? _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 : _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6
opt.sort = _opt.sort || NoSort
opt.exclude = _opt.exclude || []
}
function findMatches (data, crit, strategy, opt) {
const matches = []
for (let i = 0; i < data.length && matches.length < opt.limit; i++) {
const match = findMatchesInObject(data[i], crit, strategy, opt)
if (match) {
matches.push(match)
}
}
return matches
}
function findMatchesInObject (obj, crit, strategy, opt) {
for (const key in obj) {
if (!isExcluded(obj[key], opt.exclude) && strategy.matches(obj[key], crit)) {
return obj
}
}
}
function isExcluded (term, excludedTerms) {
for (let i = 0, len = excludedTerms.length; i < len; i++) {
const excludedTerm = excludedTerms[i]
if (new RegExp(excludedTerm).test(term)) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
/* globals ActiveXObject:false */
'use strict'
var _$JSONLoader_2 = {
load: load
}
function load (location, callback) {
const xhr = getXHR()
xhr.open('GET', location, true)
xhr.onreadystatechange = createStateChangeListener(xhr, callback)
xhr.send()
}
function createStateChangeListener (xhr, callback) {
return function () {
if (xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200) {
try {
callback(null, JSON.parse(xhr.responseText))
} catch (err) {
callback(err, null)
}
}
}
}
function getXHR () {
return window.XMLHttpRequest ? new window.XMLHttpRequest() : new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP')
}
'use strict'
var _$OptionsValidator_3 = function OptionsValidator (params) {
if (!validateParams(params)) {
throw new Error('-- OptionsValidator: required options missing')
}
if (!(this instanceof OptionsValidator)) {
return new OptionsValidator(params)
}
const requiredOptions = params.required
this.getRequiredOptions = function () {
return requiredOptions
}
this.validate = function (parameters) {
const errors = []
requiredOptions.forEach(function (requiredOptionName) {
if (typeof parameters[requiredOptionName] === 'undefined') {
errors.push(requiredOptionName)
}
})
return errors
}
function validateParams (params) {
if (!params) {
return false
}
return typeof params.required !== 'undefined' && params.required instanceof Array
}
}
'use strict'
var _$utils_9 = {
merge: merge,
isJSON: isJSON
}
function merge (defaultParams, mergeParams) {
const mergedOptions = {}
for (const option in defaultParams) {
mergedOptions[option] = defaultParams[option]
if (typeof mergeParams[option] !== 'undefined') {
mergedOptions[option] = mergeParams[option]
}
}
return mergedOptions
}
function isJSON (json) {
try {
if (json instanceof Object && JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(json))) {
return true
}
return false
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
var _$src_8 = {};
(function (window) {
'use strict'
let options = {
searchInput: null,
resultsContainer: null,
json: [],
success: Function.prototype,
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}" title="{desc}">{title}</a></li>',
templateMiddleware: Function.prototype,
sortMiddleware: function () {
return 0
},
noResultsText: 'No results found',
limit: 10,
fuzzy: false,
debounceTime: null,
exclude: []
}
let debounceTimerHandle
const debounce = function (func, delayMillis) {
if (delayMillis) {
clearTimeout(debounceTimerHandle)
debounceTimerHandle = setTimeout(func, delayMillis)
} else {
func.call()
}
}
const requiredOptions = ['searchInput', 'resultsContainer', 'json']
/* removed: const _$Templater_7 = require('./Templater') */;
/* removed: const _$Repository_4 = require('./Repository') */;
/* removed: const _$JSONLoader_2 = require('./JSONLoader') */;
const optionsValidator = _$OptionsValidator_3({
required: requiredOptions
})
/* removed: const _$utils_9 = require('./utils') */;
window.SimpleJekyllSearch = function (_options) {
const errors = optionsValidator.validate(_options)
if (errors.length > 0) {
throwError('You must specify the following required options: ' + requiredOptions)
}
options = _$utils_9.merge(options, _options)
_$Templater_7.setOptions({
template: options.searchResultTemplate,
middleware: options.templateMiddleware
})
_$Repository_4.setOptions({
fuzzy: options.fuzzy,
limit: options.limit,
sort: options.sortMiddleware,
exclude: options.exclude
})
if (_$utils_9.isJSON(options.json)) {
initWithJSON(options.json)
} else {
initWithURL(options.json)
}
const rv = {
search: search
}
typeof options.success === 'function' && options.success.call(rv)
return rv
}
function initWithJSON (json) {
_$Repository_4.put(json)
registerInput()
}
function initWithURL (url) {
_$JSONLoader_2.load(url, function (err, json) {
if (err) {
throwError('failed to get JSON (' + url + ')')
}
initWithJSON(json)
})
}
function emptyResultsContainer () {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''
}
function appendToResultsContainer (text) {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML += text
}
function registerInput () {
options.searchInput.addEventListener('input', function (e) {
if (isWhitelistedKey(e.which)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
debounce(function () { search(e.target.value) }, options.debounceTime)
}
})
}
function search (query) {
if (isValidQuery(query)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
render(_$Repository_4.search(query), query)
}
}
function render (results, query) {
const len = results.length
if (len === 0) {
return appendToResultsContainer(options.noResultsText)
}
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
results[i].query = query
appendToResultsContainer(_$Templater_7.compile(results[i]))
}
}
function isValidQuery (query) {
return query && query.length > 0
}
function isWhitelistedKey (key) {
return [13, 16, 20, 37, 38, 39, 40, 91].indexOf(key) === -1
}
function throwError (message) {
throw new Error('SimpleJekyllSearch --- ' + message)
}
})(window)
}());
</script>
<!-- Configuration -->
<script>
SimpleJekyllSearch({
searchInput: document.getElementById('search-input'),
resultsContainer: document.getElementById('results-container'),
noResultsText: '<p>Aucun résultat!</p>',
json: '/search.json',
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}">{date}&nbsp;{title}</a>&nbsp;(Création {create})</li>'
})
</script>
</div></div>
<script>(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function scrollToAnchor(anchor, duration, callback) {
var $root = this;
$root.animate({ scrollTop: $(anchor).position().top }, duration, function() {
window.history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.href.split('#')[0] + anchor);
callback && callback();
});
}
$.fn.scrollToAnchor = scrollToAnchor;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function affix(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroll,
offsetBottom = 0, scrollTarget = window, scroll = window.document, disabled = false, isOverallScroller = true,
rootTop, rootLeft, rootHeight, scrollBottom, rootBottomTop,
hasInit = false, curState;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.offsetBottom && (offsetBottom = _options.offsetBottom);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroll && (scroll = _options.scroll);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
isOverallScroller = window.isOverallScroller($scrollTarget[0]);
$scroll = $(scroll);
}
function preCalc() {
top();
rootHeight = $root.outerHeight();
rootTop = $root.offset().top + (isOverallScroller ? 0 : $scrollTarget.scrollTop());
rootLeft = $root.offset().left;
}
function calc(needPreCalc) {
needPreCalc && preCalc();
scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
}
function top() {
if (curState !== 'top') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
});
curState = 'top';
}
}
function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
}
}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
});
curState = 'bottom';
}
}
function setState() {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop();
if (scrollTop >= rootTop && scrollTop <= scrollBottom) {
fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('<ul class="toc toc--ellipsis"></ul>'), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors && (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container && (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller && (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1) { return; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length; i++) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast && $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('<li></li>').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('<a></a>').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
</script><script>
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc && toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix && affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
</script><!---->
</div>
<script>(function () {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>