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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">BorgBackup de serveur à serveur</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="BorgBackup de serveur à serveur"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">&nbsp;8&nbsp;sept.&nbsp;2022</span>
<span title="Modification" style="color:#00FF7F">16&nbsp;sept.&nbsp;2024</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2024-09-16T00:00:00+02:00">
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<summary><b>Afficher/cacher Sommaire</b></summary>
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</details><p><em>BorgBackup (abrégé : Borg) est un programme de sauvegarde par déduplication. En option, il prend en charge la compression et le chiffrement authentifié.</em></p>
<p><img src="/images/borg-logo.png" alt="" /></p>
<h2 id="borgbackup">BorgBackup</h2>
<h3 id="conventions">Conventions</h3>
<ul>
<li>srvhote → Serveur qui contiendra les sauvegardes BorgBackup</li>
<li>srvclient → Serveur à sauvegarder</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="a---actions-sur-srvhote">A - Actions sur srvhote</h3>
<h4 id="srvhote---installer-borgbackup">srvhote - Installer BorgBackup</h4>
<p>on passe en mode su</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Installer borgbackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt install borgbackup
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="srvhote---créer-utilisateur-borg">srvhote - Créer utilisateur borg</h4>
<p>Créer un utilisateur <strong>borg</strong> dédié aux sauvegardes par BorgBackup :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mkdir -p /srv/data/
useradd borg --create-home --home-dir /srv/data/borg-backups
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Créer le dossier .ssh utilisateur “borg”</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -u borg mkdir /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Autoriser utilisateur <strong>borg</strong> à exécuter <em>/usr/bin/borg</em> uniquement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo "borg ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/borg" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Créer le fichier authorized_keys</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -u borg touch /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="srvhote---les-clés-publiques">srvhote - Les clés publiques</h4>
<p><em>Chaque client voulant effectuer des sauvegardes borg devra fournir en premier lieu une clé publique</em></p>
<h3 id="b---actions-sur-srvclient">B - Actions sur srvclient</h3>
<h4 id="srvclient---installer-borgbackup">srvclient - Installer BorgBackup</h4>
<p>Installer borgbackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install borgbackup
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="srvclient---créer-utilisateur-borg">srvclient - Créer utilisateur borg</h4>
<p>Créer un utilisateur borg (sans home) dédié aux sauvegardes par BorgBackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>useradd -M borg
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Autoriser utilisateur <strong>borg</strong> à exécuter <em>/usr/bin/borg</em> uniquement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
echo "borg ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/borg" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="srvclient---clés-ssh-borg">srvclient - Clés ssh borg</h4>
<p>En root,créer une <strong>clé SSH pour lauthentification borg</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Validez en appuyant sur la touche « Entrée » à toutes les questions</p>
<p>Vous devriez maintenant avoir une clé privée contenue dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519</code>, et une clé publique contenue dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519.pub</code><br />
La clé privée ne doit jamais être partagée.</p>
<p><strong>1 - Ajouter clé publique à srvhote</strong></p>
<p>Copier la clé publique de chacun des clients avec loption command en ajout sur le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys</code> du serveur</p>
<p><strong>EXEMPLES</strong></p>
<p>Ajout de la clé publique <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">id_borg_ed25519.pub</code> sans option</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIws5uLxgF1UgGT8d/gfYueeEm5pFmRoXesbfD81QEpV root@yanfi.space'</span> <span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ajout de la clé publique <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">id_borg_ed25519.pub</code> avec option</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo</span> <span class="nt">-u</span> borgbackup <span class="nt">-s</span>
<span class="c"># Avec quota : borg serve --storage-quota 5G</span>
<span class="c"># Client yanfi.space</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'command="cd /srv/data/borg-backups/yanfi_space; borg serve --restrict-to-path /srv/data/borg-backups/yanfi_space",no-port-forwarding,no-x11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-pty,no-user-rc ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIws5uLxgF1UgGT8d/gfYueeEm5pFmRoXesbfD81QEpV root@yanfi.space'</span> <span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
<span class="nb">exit</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="info">Loption <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">command</code> permet de restreindre lutilisation de la connexion SSH à une commande donnée, pour le client qui utilisera la clé publique associée.</p>
<p><strong>2 - Connexion ssh vers srvhote</strong></p>
<p><strong>AU PREMIER passage une question est posée , saisir oui ou yes (suivant language)</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
ssh -p 55178 -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519 borg@45.145.166.178
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>The authenticity of host '[45.145.166.178]:55178 ([45.145.166.178]:55178)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:WdJQvWq72wgHST7vBNNifJvkDR6/p2uEdxsvBsVUttE.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[45.145.166.178]:55178' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Linux server32771 5.10.0-16-cloud-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.127-2 (2022-07-23) x86_64
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
$
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>saisir <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">exit</code> pour sortir</p>
<h4 id="srvclient---créer-une-phrase-de-passe-forte">srvclient - Créer une phrase de passe forte</h4>
<p><strong>Créer une phrase de passe forte pour crypter les sauvegardes Borg</strong> (sans espace vide)<br />
Vous pouvez utiliser <a href="https://diceware.dmuth.org/">Diceware Password Generator</a> pour générer une phrase de passe forte</p>
<p><strong>Ajout de la phrase forte dans un fichier</strong> au dossier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.passphrase</code></p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo</span> <span class="nt">-s</span>
<span class="nb">mkdir</span> <span class="nt">-p</span> /root/.passphrase
<span class="c"># ajout phrase</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"&lt;La phrase de passe forte&gt;"</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> /root/.passphrase/ouestline_xyz.passphrase
</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="info">Conserver cette phrase, elle sera demandé pour la création du dépôt borg</p>
<h4 id="srvclient---initialisation-dépôt-borg">srvclient - Initialisation dépôt borg</h4>
<p>Initialisation dépôt</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.passphrase/ouestline_xyz.passphrase<span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://borg@45.145.166.178:55178/srv/data/borg-backups/ouestline_xyz
borg init <span class="nt">--encryption</span><span class="o">=</span>repokey-blake2 <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le résultat de la commande précédente</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>By default repositories initialized with this version will produce security
errors if written to with an older version (up to and including Borg 1.0.8).
If you want to use these older versions, you can disable the check by running:
borg upgrade --disable-tam ssh://borg@45.145.166.178:55178/srv/data/borg-backups/ouestline_xyz
See https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changes.html#pre-1-0-9-manifest-spoofing-vulnerability for details about the security implications.
IMPORTANT: you will need both KEY AND PASSPHRASE to access this repo!
Use "borg key export" to export the key, optionally in printable format.
Write down the passphrase. Store both at safe place(s).
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="sauvegarde-vers-srvhote">Sauvegarde vers srvhote</h3>
<p><strong>Générer une sauvegarde dun dossier local vers le dépôt distant</strong> pour test (facultatif)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>borg create ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/cinay.eu::2019-01-11 /home/yanfi
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Création dun fichier <strong>exclusions</strong> qui contient toutes les exclusions de dossiers et fichiers , une exclusion par ligne (<strong>/root/.exclusions</strong>)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /root/.exclusions
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/dev/*
/proc/*
/sys/*
/tmp/*
/run/*
/mnt/*
/media/*
lost+found
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Automatiser la procédure de sauvegarde pour srvclient</strong><br />
script de sauvegarde (notez lusage de borg prune pour supprimer les archives trop anciennes)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano /root/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># Script de sauvegarde.</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># Envoie les sauvegardes sur un serveur distant, via le programme Borg.</span>
<span class="c"># Les sauvegardes sont chiffrées</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="nb">set</span> <span class="nt">-e</span>
<span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +%Y-%m-%d-%Hh%M<span class="sb">`</span>
<span class="nv">LOG_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span>/var/log/borg-backup.log
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.passphrase/ouestline_xyz.passphrase<span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://borg@45.145.166.178:55178/srv/data/borg-backups/ouestline_xyz
<span class="nv">BORG_ARCHIVE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="k">}</span>::<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="k">}</span>
borg create <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--progress</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--compression</span> lzma,9 <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nt">--exclude-caches</span> <span class="nt">--exclude-from</span> /root/.exclusions <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">$BORG_ARCHIVE</span> <span class="se">\</span>
/ <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">LOG_PATH</span><span class="k">}</span> 2&gt;&amp;1
<span class="c"># Nettoyage des anciens backups</span>
<span class="c"># On conserve</span>
<span class="c"># - une archive par jour les 7 derniers jours,</span>
<span class="c"># - une archive par semaine pour les 4 dernières semaines,</span>
<span class="c"># - une archive par mois pour les 6 derniers mois.</span>
borg prune <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--list</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--keep-daily</span><span class="o">=</span>7 <span class="nt">--keep-weekly</span><span class="o">=</span>4 <span class="nt">--keep-monthly</span><span class="o">=</span>6 <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span> <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">LOG_PATH</span><span class="k">}</span> 2&gt;&amp;1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le rendre exécutable</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chmode +x /root/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Exécution</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/root/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<h2 id="borgbackup-lenovo">BorgBackup Lenovo</h2>
<p><em>Sauvegarde de la machine Lenovo dans une boite de stockage</em></p>
<h3 id="installation">Installation</h3>
<p>Installer borgbackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install borgbackup
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="créer-utilisateur-borg">Créer utilisateur borg</h3>
<p>En mode su : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo -s</code></p>
<p>Créer un utilisateur borg (sans home) dédié aux sauvegardes par BorgBackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>useradd -M borg
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Autoriser utilisateur borg à exécuter <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/usr/bin/borg</code> uniquement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo "borg ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/borg" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="clés-ssh-borg">Clés ssh borg</h3>
<p>créer une clé SSH pour lauthentification borg</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Validez en appuyant sur la touche « Entrée » à toutes les questions</p>
<p>Vous devriez maintenant avoir une clé privée contenue dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519</code>, et une clé publique contenue dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519.pub</code><br />
<code class="language-plaintext warning highlighter-rouge">La clé privée ne doit jamais être partagée.</code></p>
<h3 id="ajout-clé-publique-au-serveur-borg">Ajout clé publique au serveur borg</h3>
<h4 id="debian">debian</h4>
<p>Copier la clé publique de chacun des clients avec loption command en ajout sur le fichier /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys du serveur</p>
<p>A - Ajout de la clé publique id_borg_ed25519.pub sans option</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo 'ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIws5uLxgF1UgGT8d/gfYueeEm5pFmRoXesbfD81QEpV root@yanfi.space' &gt;&gt; /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>B - Ajout de la clé publique id_borg_ed25519.pub avec options</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># connexion utilisateur borg
sudo -u borg -s
# Avec quota : borg serve --storage-quota 5G
# Client nom dépôt yanfi.space
echo 'command="cd /srv/data/borg-backups/yanfi_space; borg serve --restrict-to-path /srv/data/borg-backups/yanfi_space",no-port-forwarding,no-x11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-pty,no-user-rc ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIws5uLxgF1UgGT8d/gfYueeEm5pFmRoXesbfD81QEpV root@yanfi.space' &gt;&gt; /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
exit
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Loption command permet de restreindre lutilisation de la connexion SSH à une commande donnée, pour le client qui utilisera la clé publique associée.</p>
<h4 id="boite-de-stockage">boite de stockage</h4>
<p>Depuis un poste ayant accès à la boîte de stockage, on récupère le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">authorized_keys</code> de la boîte de stockage <strong>bx11-yann</strong> dans un fichier nommé <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">storagebox_authorized_keys</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo -e "get .ssh/authorized_keys storagebox_authorized_keys" | sftp -P 23 -i ~/.ssh/bx11-yann-ed25519 u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de
cat &gt;&gt; storagebox_authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Copier/coller le contenu du fichier du fichier de clef publique (fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cat /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519.pub</code>* de la machine à sauvegarder dans ce terminal, et presser <strong>[Ctrl]+[D]</strong> pour valider.</p>
<p>On renvoie le fichier modifié <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">storagebox_authorized_keys</code> dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">authorized_keys</code> de la boîte de stockage <strong>bx11-yann</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo -e "put storagebox_authorized_keys .ssh/authorized_keys" | sftp -P 23 -i ~/.ssh/bx11-yann-ed25519 u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Tester la connexion à la boîte de stockage (toujours en mode su)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sftp -P 23 -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519 u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>The authenticity of host '[u326239.your-storagebox.de]:23 ([2a01:4f8:b23:2000::35]:23)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:oDHZqKXnoMtgvPBjjC57pcuFez28roaEuFcfwyg8O5c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[u326239.your-storagebox.de]:23,[2a01:4f8:b23:2000::35]:23' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Connected to u326239.your-storagebox.de.
sftp&gt;
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Saisir <em>quit</em> pour sortir</p>
<h3 id="création-du-dépôt-borg-et-création-darchives">Création du dépôt Borg et création darchives</h3>
<p>Les dépôts de la boîte de stockage sont sous <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">./backup/borg/</code></p>
<h4 id="dépôt-repository">Dépôt (repository)</h4>
<p>on va maintenant travailler sur un dépôt distant à travers SSH, il va falloir fournir le chemin du dépôt sous la forme dune URL avec un peu plus dinformations</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/rnmkcy.eu
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="phrase-forte-passphrase">phrase forte (passphrase)</h4>
<p>Ajout de la phrase forte dans un fichier au dossier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.borg</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
mkdir -p /root/.borg
# ajout phrase
echo "&lt;La phrase de passe forte&gt;" &gt; /root/.borg/rnmkcy_eu.passphrase
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Conserver cette phrase, elle sera demandé pour la création du dépôt borg</p>
<h4 id="initialisation-dépôt-distant">Initialisation dépôt distant</h4>
<p>Initialisation dépôt distant en mode su</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/rnmkcy_eu.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/rnmkcy.eu
borg init <span class="nt">--encryption</span><span class="o">=</span>repokey <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="fichier-dexclusion">fichier dexclusion</h4>
<p>Créer un fichier dexclusion <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.borg/exclusions-borg.txt</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/proc
/sys
/dev
/media
/mnt
/cdrom
/tmp
/run
/var/tmp
/var/run
lost+found
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="sauvegarde-rnmkcyeu-vers-boîte-de-stockage">Sauvegarde rnmkcy.eu vers boîte de stockage</h4>
<p>Lancer le premier backup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>borg create ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/cinay.eu::2019-01-11 /home/yanfi
sudo nice -n 19 ionice -c 3 borg create -v --stats --progress --exclude-from="/media/veracrypt2/excludes-backup-asus.txt" /media/veracrypt2/backup.borg::asus-{now} /
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/rnmkcy_eu.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/rnmkcy.eu
<span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +%Y-%m-%d-%Hh%M<span class="sb">`</span>
<span class="nb">nice</span> <span class="nt">-n</span> 19 ionice <span class="nt">-c</span> 3 borg create <span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--progress</span> <span class="nt">--exclude-from</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/root/.borg/exclusions-borg.txt"</span> <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>::<span class="nv">$BACKUP_DATE</span> /
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>nice/ionice</strong> pour minimiser limpact (priorité CPU et disque minimale)</p>
<p>Créer un script de sauvegarde (notez lusage de borg prune pour supprimer les archives trop anciennes)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># Script de sauvegarde.</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="c"># Envoie les sauvegardes sur un serveur distant, via le programme Borg.</span>
<span class="c"># Les sauvegardes sont chiffrées</span>
<span class="c">#</span>
<span class="nb">set</span> <span class="nt">-e</span>
<span class="nv">LOG_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span>/var/log/borg-backup.log
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/rnmkcy_eu.passphrase<span class="o">)</span><span class="sb">`</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +%Y-%m-%d-%Hh%M<span class="sb">`</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/rnmkcy.eu
<span class="nb">nice</span> <span class="nt">-n</span> 19 ionice <span class="nt">-c</span> 3 borg create <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--progress</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nt">--exclude-from</span> /root/.borg/exclusions-borg.txt <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="k">}</span>::<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="k">}</span> <span class="se">\</span>
/ <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">LOG_PATH</span><span class="k">}</span> 2&gt;&amp;1
<span class="c"># Nettoyage des anciens backups</span>
<span class="c"># On conserve</span>
<span class="c"># - une archive par jour les 7 derniers jours,</span>
<span class="c"># - une archive par semaine pour les 4 dernières semaines,</span>
<span class="c"># - une archive par mois pour les 6 derniers mois.</span>
borg prune <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--list</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--keep-daily</span><span class="o">=</span>7 <span class="nt">--keep-weekly</span><span class="o">=</span>4 <span class="nt">--keep-monthly</span><span class="o">=</span>6 <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span> <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">LOG_PATH</span><span class="k">}</span> 2&gt;&amp;1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le rendre exécutable</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chmode +x /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Exécution</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="débloquer-un-dépôt-verrouillé">Débloquer un dépôt verrouillé</h4>
<p>Commande</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/rnmkcy_eu.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/rnmkcy.eu
borg break-lock <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h5 id="automatiser-sauvegarde">Automatiser sauvegarde</h5>
<p>Automatiser en utilisant systemd timer</p>
<p>Le service <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/autoborg.service</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=BorgBackup
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/bin/bash /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le timer <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/autoborg.timer</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Exécution BorgBackup
[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 14:05
Persistent=true
[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Exécution tous les jours</p>
<p>Activez/démarrez le timer, puis vérifiez quil est chargé et actif</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>systemctl <span class="nb">enable </span>autoborg.timer
<span class="nb">sudo </span>systemctl start autoborg.timer
systemctl status autoborg.timer
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérifiez quil a été démarré en vérifiant sil apparaît dans la liste des minuteries :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl list-timers
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>
NEXT LEFT LAST PASSED UNIT ACTIVATES
Thu 2023-10-19 14:05:00 CEST 3min 43s left Thu 2023-10-19 13:20:01 CEST 41min ago autoborg.timer autoborg.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Lorsque vous voulez voir si les sauvegardes se sont déroulées correctement, vous pouvez consulter le journal le plus récent</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl status autoborg
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ou afficher tous les journaux avec :</p>
<p>sudo journalctl -u autoborg</p>
<h4 id="liste-des-sauvegardes">Liste des sauvegardes</h4>
<p>Pour lister les sauvegardes</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/rnmkcy_eu.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
borg list <span class="nt">--short</span> ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/rnmkcy.eu
</code></pre></div></div>
<h2 id="borgbackup-vps">BorgBackup VPS</h2>
<p><em>Sauvegarde VPS dans une boite de stockage</em></p>
<h3 id="installation-1">Installation</h3>
<p>Installer borgbackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install borgbackup
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="créer-utilisateur-borg-1">Créer utilisateur borg</h3>
<p>En mode su : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo -s</code></p>
<p>Créer un utilisateur borg (sans home) dédié aux sauvegardes par BorgBackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>useradd -M borg
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Autoriser utilisateur borg à exécuter <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/usr/bin/borg</code> uniquement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo "borg ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/borg" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="clés-ssh-borg-1">Clés ssh borg</h3>
<p>créer une clé SSH pour lauthentification borg</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Validez en appuyant sur la touche « Entrée » à toutes les questions</p>
<p>Vous devriez maintenant avoir une clé privée contenue dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519</code>, et une clé publique contenue dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519.pub</code><br />
<code class="language-plaintext warning highlighter-rouge">La clé privée ne doit jamais être partagée.</code></p>
<h3 id="ajout-clé-publique-au-serveur-borg-1">Ajout clé publique au serveur borg</h3>
<h4 id="boite-de-stockage-1">boite de stockage</h4>
<p>Depuis un poste ayant accès à la boîte de stockage, on récupère le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">authorized_keys</code> de la boîte de stockage <strong>bx11-yann</strong> dans un fichier nommé <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">storagebox_authorized_keys</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo -e "get .ssh/authorized_keys storagebox_authorized_keys" | sftp -P 23 -i ~/.ssh/bx11-yann-ed25519 u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de
cat &gt;&gt; storagebox_authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Copier/coller le contenu du fichier du fichier de clef publique (fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cat /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519.pub</code>* de la machine à sauvegarder dans ce terminal, et presser <strong>[Ctrl]+[D]</strong> pour valider.</p>
<p>On renvoie le fichier modifié <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">storagebox_authorized_keys</code> dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">authorized_keys</code> de la boîte de stockage <strong>bx11-yann</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo -e "put storagebox_authorized_keys .ssh/authorized_keys" | sftp -P 23 -i ~/.ssh/bx11-yann-ed25519 u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Tester la connexion depuis le vps à la boîte de stockage (toujours en mode su)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sftp -P 23 -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519 u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>The authenticity of host '[u326239.your-storagebox.de]:23 ([167.235.97.31]:23)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:XqONwb1S0zuj5A1CDxpOSuD2hnAArV1A3wKY7Z3sdgM.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[u326239.your-storagebox.de]:23' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
Connected to u326239.your-storagebox.de.
sftp&gt;
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Saisir <em>quit</em> pour sortir</p>
<h4 id="autre-debian-option">Autre debian (option)</h4>
<p>Copier la clé publique de chacun des clients avec loption command en ajout sur le fichier /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys du serveur</p>
<p>A - Ajout de la clé publique id_borg_ed25519.pub sans option</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo 'ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIws5uLxgF1UgGT8d/gfYueeEm5pFmRoXesbfD81QEpV root@yanfi.space' &gt;&gt; /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>B - Ajout de la clé publique id_borg_ed25519.pub avec options</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># connexion utilisateur borg
sudo -u borg -s
# Avec quota : borg serve --storage-quota 5G
# Client nom dépôt yanfi.space
echo 'command="cd /srv/data/borg-backups/yanfi_space; borg serve --restrict-to-path /srv/data/borg-backups/yanfi_space",no-port-forwarding,no-x11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-pty,no-user-rc ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIws5uLxgF1UgGT8d/gfYueeEm5pFmRoXesbfD81QEpV root@yanfi.space' &gt;&gt; /srv/data/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
exit
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Loption command permet de restreindre lutilisation de la connexion SSH à une commande donnée, pour le client qui utilisera la clé publique associée.</p>
<h3 id="création-du-dépôt-borg-et-création-darchives-1">Création du dépôt Borg et création darchives</h3>
<p>Les dépôts de la boîte de stockage sont sous <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">./backup/borg/</code></p>
<h4 id="dépôt-repository-1">Dépôt (repository)</h4>
<p>on va maintenant travailler sur un dépôt distant à travers SSH, il va falloir fournir le chemin du dépôt sous la forme dune URL avec un peu plus dinformations</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="phrase-forte-passphrase-1">phrase forte (passphrase)</h4>
<p>Ajout de la phrase forte dans un fichier au dossier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.borg</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
mkdir -p /root/.borg
# ajout phrase
echo "&lt;La phrase de passe forte&gt;" &gt; /root/.borg/iceyan_xyz.passphrase
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Conserver cette phrase, elle sera demandé pour la création du dépôt borg</p>
<h4 id="initialisation-dépôt-distant-1">Initialisation dépôt distant</h4>
<p>Initialisation dépôt distant en mode su</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/iceyan_xyz.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
borg init <span class="nt">--encryption</span><span class="o">=</span>repokey <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Résultat de la commande</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>By default repositories initialized with this version will produce security
errors if written to with an older version (up to and including Borg 1.0.8).
If you want to use these older versions, you can disable the check by running:
borg upgrade --disable-tam ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
See https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changes.html#pre-1-0-9-manifest-spoofing-vulnerability for details about the security implications.
IMPORTANT: you will need both KEY AND PASSPHRASE to access this repo!
If you used a repokey mode, the key is stored in the repo, but you should back it up separately.
Use "borg key export" to export the key, optionally in printable format.
Write down the passphrase. Store both at safe place(s).
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="fichier-dexclusion-1">fichier dexclusion</h4>
<p>Créer un fichier dexclusion <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/root/.borg/exclusions-borg.txt</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/proc
/sys
/dev
/media
/mnt
/cdrom
/tmp
/run
/var/tmp
/var/run
/var/cache
lost+found
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="sauvegarde-iceyanxyz-vers-boîte-de-stockage">Sauvegarde iceyan.xyz vers boîte de stockage</h4>
<p>Lancer le premier backup</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/iceyan_xyz.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
<span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +%Y-%m-%d-%Hh%M<span class="sb">`</span>
<span class="nb">nice</span> <span class="nt">-n</span> 19 ionice <span class="nt">-c</span> 3 borg create <span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--progress</span> <span class="nt">--exclude-from</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/root/.borg/exclusions-borg.txt"</span> <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>::<span class="nv">$BACKUP_DATE</span> /
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>nice/ionice</strong> pour minimiser limpact (priorité CPU et disque minimale)</p>
<p>Créer un script de sauvegarde (notez lusage de borg prune pour supprimer les archives trop anciennes)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +%Y-%m-%d-%Hh%M<span class="sb">`</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
borg create <span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--progress</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--exclude-from</span> /root/.borg/exclusions-borg.txt <span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="k">}</span>::<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">BACKUP_DATE</span><span class="k">}</span> /
borg prune <span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">--list</span> <span class="nt">--stats</span> <span class="nt">--keep-daily</span><span class="o">=</span>7 <span class="nt">--keep-weekly</span><span class="o">=</span>4 <span class="nt">--keep-monthly</span><span class="o">=</span>6 <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le rendre exécutable</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chmod +x /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="débloquer-un-dépôt-verrouillé-1">Débloquer un dépôt verrouillé</h4>
<p>Commande</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/iceyan_xyz.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
<span class="nv">BORG_REPOSITORY</span><span class="o">=</span>ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
borg break-lock <span class="nv">$BORG_REPOSITORY</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h5 id="automatiser-sauvegarde-1">Automatiser sauvegarde</h5>
<p>Automatiser en utilisant systemd timer</p>
<p>Le service <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/autoborg.service</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=BorgBackup
[Service]
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/bin/bash /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le timer <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/autoborg.timer</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Exécution BorgBackup
[Timer]
Unit=autoborg.service
OnCalendar=*-*-* 04:10
[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Exécution tous les jours</p>
<p>Activez/démarrez le timer, puis vérifiez quil est chargé et actif</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>systemctl <span class="nb">enable </span>autoborg.timer <span class="nt">--now</span>
systemctl status autoborg.timer
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérifiez sil apparaît dans la liste des minuteries :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl list-timers
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>
NEXT LEFT LAST PASSED UNIT ACTIVATES
Tue 2024-09-17 04:10:00 GMT 10h left - - autoborg.timer autoborg.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Lorsque vous voulez voir si les sauvegardes se sont déroulées correctement, vous pouvez consulter le journal le plus récent</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl status autoborg
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ou afficher tous les journaux avec :</p>
<p>sudo journalctl -u autoborg</p>
<p>Pour lancer une sauvegarde manuellement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/usr/bin/bash /root/.borg/borg-backup.sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="liste-des-sauvegardes-1">Liste des sauvegardes</h4>
<p>Pour lister les sauvegardes</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_PASSPHRASE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> /root/.borg/iceyan_xyz.passphrase<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">BORG_RSH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_borg_ed25519'</span>
borg list <span class="nt">--short</span> ssh://u326239@u326239.your-storagebox.de:23/./backup/borg/iceyan.xyz
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Donne un résultat de ce type</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>2024-09-16-17h43
2024-09-16-18h01
</code></pre></div></div>
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