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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">Installer Docker CE (Community Edition) sur Debian</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="Installer Docker CE (Community Edition) sur Debian"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
<a class="button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style="color:#00FFFF" href="/archive.html?tag=debian">debian</a>
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
</li></ul><ul class="right-col menu"><li>
<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">14&nbsp;mars&nbsp;&nbsp;2024</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2024-03-14T00:00:00+01:00">
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<summary><b>Afficher/cacher Sommaire</b></summary>
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</details><p><em>Docker est une technologie de conteneurisation qui permet la création et lutilisation de conteneurs Linux</em></p>
<h2 id="docker">Docker</h2>
<p><img src="/images/docker-logo-a.png" alt="" height="50" /></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://computingforgeeks.com/install-docker-and-docker-compose-on-debian/">Comment installer Docker CE sur le système Linux Debian 12/11/10 ?</a>. Installation étape par étape de Docker et Docker Compose sur le système dexploitation Debian.</li>
<li><a href="https://shisho.dev/blog/posts/docker-remove-cheatsheet/">How To Remove Docker Containers, Images and Volumes [Cheat Sheet]</a></li>
<li><a href="https://ioflood.com/blog/docker-compose-down-guide-to-stopping-and-removing-docker-containers/">Guide To Stopping and Removing Docker Containers</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Il existe deux éditions de Docker disponibles.</p>
<ul>
<li>Community Edition (CE) : idéale pour les développeurs individuels et les petites équipes souhaitant démarrer avec Docker et expérimenter des applications basées sur des conteneurs.</li>
<li>Enterprise Edition (EE) : conçue pour les équipes informatiques et de développement dentreprise qui créent, expédient et exécutent des applications critiques pour lentreprise en production à grande échelle.</li>
</ul>
<p>Ce guide couvrira linstallation de Docker CE sur Debian Linux. Mais examinons dabord les terminologies courantes du menu Docker.
Composants Docker / Terminologies</p>
<p>Vous trouverez ci-dessous les terminologies couramment utilisées dans lécosystème Docker.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Docker daemon</strong> : également appelé Docker Engine, il sagit dun processus en arrière-plan qui sexécute sur le système hôte responsable de la création et de lexécution des conteneurs.</li>
<li><strong>Docker Client</strong> : Il sagit dun outil de ligne de commande utilisé par lutilisateur pour interagir avec le démon Docker.</li>
<li><strong>Docker Image</strong> : Une image est un fichier immuable qui est essentiellement un instantané dun conteneur. Une image Docker possède un système de fichiers et des dépendances dapplication nécessaires à lexécution des applications.</li>
<li><strong>Docker container</strong> : Il sagit dune instance en cours dexécution dune image Docker avec une application et ses dépendances. Chaque conteneur possède un ID de processus unique et est isolé des autres conteneurs. La seule chose que les conteneurs partagent est le noyau.</li>
<li><strong>Docker registry</strong> : Il sagit dune application chargée de gérer le stockage et la livraison des images de conteneurs Docker. Cela peut être privé ou public.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="installer-docker-ce-sur-debian">Installer Docker CE sur Debian</h2>
<h3 id="1-installer-les-packages-de-dépendances">1) Installer les packages de dépendances</h3>
<p>Démarrez linstallation en vous assurant que tous les packages utilisés par Docker en tant que dépendances sont installés.</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>apt update
<span class="nb">sudo </span>apt <span class="nt">-y</span> <span class="nb">install </span>apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="2-ajouter-la-clé-gpg-officielle-de-docker">2) Ajouter la clé GPG officielle de Docker</h3>
<p>Importez la clé Docker GPG utilisée pour signer les packages Docker.</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>curl <span class="nt">-fsSL</span> https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | <span class="nb">sudo </span>gpg <span class="nt">--dearmor</span> <span class="nt">-o</span> /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="3-ajouter-le-référentiel-docker">3) Ajouter le référentiel Docker</h3>
<p>Ajoutez le référentiel Docker qui contient les dernières versions stables de Docker CE.</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>add-apt-repository <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="s2">"deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian </span><span class="se">\</span><span class="s2">
</span><span class="si">$(</span>lsb_release <span class="nt">-cs</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="se">\</span><span class="s2">
stable"</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Cette commande ajoutera la ligne affichée dans /etc/apt/sources.listle fichier.</p>
<h3 id="4-installez-docker-et-docker-compose">4) Installez Docker et Docker Compose</h3>
<p>Mettez à jour l apt index du package.</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>apt update
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Pour installer Docker CE sur Debian, exécutez la commande :</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>apt <span class="nb">install </span>docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin <span class="nt">-y</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Démarrez et activez le service Docker :</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>systemctl <span class="nb">enable</span> <span class="nt">--now</span> docker
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Cette installation ajoutera dockerun groupe au système sans aucun utilisateur. Ajoutez votre compte utilisateur au groupe pour exécuter les commandes Docker en tant quutilisateur non privilégié.</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo </span>usermod <span class="nt">-aG</span> docker <span class="nv">$USER</span>
newgrp docker
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérifiez le docker et composez la version.<br />
<img src="/images/lldap01.png" alt="" /></p>
<p>Vérification du plugin de composition :</p>
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker compose version <span class="c"># renvoie : Docker Compose version v2.24.6</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Déconnectez-vous et reconnectez-vous afin que votre appartenance à un groupe soit réévaluée.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>exit
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="5-tester-linstallation-de-docker">5) Tester linstallation de Docker</h3>
<p>Exécutez un conteneur Docker de test :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker run --rm -it --name test alpine:latest /bin/sh
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Résulat de la commande<br />
<img src="/images/lldap02.png" alt="" /></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/ # cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Alpine Linux"
ID=alpine
VERSION_ID=3.19.1
PRETTY_NAME="Alpine Linux v3.19"
HOME_URL="https://alpinelinux.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports/-/issues"
/ # exit
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="6-tester-linstallation-de-docker-compose">6) Tester linstallation de Docker Compose</h3>
<p>Créez un fichier Docker Compose de test.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano docker-compose.yml
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ajoutez les données ci-dessous au fichier.</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="na">version</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">3'</span>
<span class="na">services</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">web</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">image</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">nginx:latest</span>
<span class="na">ports</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">8080:80"</span>
<span class="na">links</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">php</span>
<span class="na">php</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">image</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">php:7-fpm</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Démarrez les conteneurs de services.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker compose up -d
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><img src="/images/lldap03.png" alt="" /><br />
docker compose les conteneurs de démarrage</p>
<p>Afficher les conteneurs en cours dexécution</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker compose ps
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Détruire les conteneurs</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker compose stop
docker compose rm
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><img src="/images/lldap04.png" alt="" /></p>
<p>Vous avez installé avec succès Docker sur Debian Linux.</p>
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var _$OptionsValidator_3 = function OptionsValidator (params) {
if (!validateParams(params)) {
throw new Error('-- OptionsValidator: required options missing')
}
if (!(this instanceof OptionsValidator)) {
return new OptionsValidator(params)
}
const requiredOptions = params.required
this.getRequiredOptions = function () {
return requiredOptions
}
this.validate = function (parameters) {
const errors = []
requiredOptions.forEach(function (requiredOptionName) {
if (typeof parameters[requiredOptionName] === 'undefined') {
errors.push(requiredOptionName)
}
})
return errors
}
function validateParams (params) {
if (!params) {
return false
}
return typeof params.required !== 'undefined' && params.required instanceof Array
}
}
'use strict'
var _$utils_9 = {
merge: merge,
isJSON: isJSON
}
function merge (defaultParams, mergeParams) {
const mergedOptions = {}
for (const option in defaultParams) {
mergedOptions[option] = defaultParams[option]
if (typeof mergeParams[option] !== 'undefined') {
mergedOptions[option] = mergeParams[option]
}
}
return mergedOptions
}
function isJSON (json) {
try {
if (json instanceof Object && JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(json))) {
return true
}
return false
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
var _$src_8 = {};
(function (window) {
'use strict'
let options = {
searchInput: null,
resultsContainer: null,
json: [],
success: Function.prototype,
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}" title="{desc}">{title}</a></li>',
templateMiddleware: Function.prototype,
sortMiddleware: function () {
return 0
},
noResultsText: 'No results found',
limit: 10,
fuzzy: false,
debounceTime: null,
exclude: []
}
let debounceTimerHandle
const debounce = function (func, delayMillis) {
if (delayMillis) {
clearTimeout(debounceTimerHandle)
debounceTimerHandle = setTimeout(func, delayMillis)
} else {
func.call()
}
}
const requiredOptions = ['searchInput', 'resultsContainer', 'json']
/* removed: const _$Templater_7 = require('./Templater') */;
/* removed: const _$Repository_4 = require('./Repository') */;
/* removed: const _$JSONLoader_2 = require('./JSONLoader') */;
const optionsValidator = _$OptionsValidator_3({
required: requiredOptions
})
/* removed: const _$utils_9 = require('./utils') */;
window.SimpleJekyllSearch = function (_options) {
const errors = optionsValidator.validate(_options)
if (errors.length > 0) {
throwError('You must specify the following required options: ' + requiredOptions)
}
options = _$utils_9.merge(options, _options)
_$Templater_7.setOptions({
template: options.searchResultTemplate,
middleware: options.templateMiddleware
})
_$Repository_4.setOptions({
fuzzy: options.fuzzy,
limit: options.limit,
sort: options.sortMiddleware,
exclude: options.exclude
})
if (_$utils_9.isJSON(options.json)) {
initWithJSON(options.json)
} else {
initWithURL(options.json)
}
const rv = {
search: search
}
typeof options.success === 'function' && options.success.call(rv)
return rv
}
function initWithJSON (json) {
_$Repository_4.put(json)
registerInput()
}
function initWithURL (url) {
_$JSONLoader_2.load(url, function (err, json) {
if (err) {
throwError('failed to get JSON (' + url + ')')
}
initWithJSON(json)
})
}
function emptyResultsContainer () {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''
}
function appendToResultsContainer (text) {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML += text
}
function registerInput () {
options.searchInput.addEventListener('input', function (e) {
if (isWhitelistedKey(e.which)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
debounce(function () { search(e.target.value) }, options.debounceTime)
}
})
}
function search (query) {
if (isValidQuery(query)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
render(_$Repository_4.search(query), query)
}
}
function render (results, query) {
const len = results.length
if (len === 0) {
return appendToResultsContainer(options.noResultsText)
}
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
results[i].query = query
appendToResultsContainer(_$Templater_7.compile(results[i]))
}
}
function isValidQuery (query) {
return query && query.length > 0
}
function isWhitelistedKey (key) {
return [13, 16, 20, 37, 38, 39, 40, 91].indexOf(key) === -1
}
function throwError (message) {
throw new Error('SimpleJekyllSearch --- ' + message)
}
})(window)
}());
</script>
<!-- Configuration -->
<script>
SimpleJekyllSearch({
searchInput: document.getElementById('search-input'),
resultsContainer: document.getElementById('results-container'),
noResultsText: '<p>Aucun résultat!</p>',
json: '/search.json',
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}">{date}&nbsp;{title}</a>&nbsp;(Création {create})</li>'
})
</script>
</div></div>
<script>(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function scrollToAnchor(anchor, duration, callback) {
var $root = this;
$root.animate({ scrollTop: $(anchor).position().top }, duration, function() {
window.history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.href.split('#')[0] + anchor);
callback && callback();
});
}
$.fn.scrollToAnchor = scrollToAnchor;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function affix(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroll,
offsetBottom = 0, scrollTarget = window, scroll = window.document, disabled = false, isOverallScroller = true,
rootTop, rootLeft, rootHeight, scrollBottom, rootBottomTop,
hasInit = false, curState;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.offsetBottom && (offsetBottom = _options.offsetBottom);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroll && (scroll = _options.scroll);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
isOverallScroller = window.isOverallScroller($scrollTarget[0]);
$scroll = $(scroll);
}
function preCalc() {
top();
rootHeight = $root.outerHeight();
rootTop = $root.offset().top + (isOverallScroller ? 0 : $scrollTarget.scrollTop());
rootLeft = $root.offset().left;
}
function calc(needPreCalc) {
needPreCalc && preCalc();
scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
}
function top() {
if (curState !== 'top') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
});
curState = 'top';
}
}
function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
}
}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
});
curState = 'bottom';
}
}
function setState() {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop();
if (scrollTop >= rootTop && scrollTop <= scrollBottom) {
fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('<ul class="toc toc--ellipsis"></ul>'), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors && (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container && (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller && (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1) { return; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length; i++) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast && $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('<li></li>').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('<a></a>').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
</script><script>
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc && toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix && affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
</script><!---->
</div>
<script>(function () {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>