2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
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" href="/">YannStatic< / a > < / div > <!-- <button class="button button - - secondary button - - circle search - button js - search - toggle"><i class="fas fa - search"></i></button> --> <!-- <li><button class="button button - - secondary button - - circle search - button js - search - toggle"><i class="fas fa - search"></i></button></li> -->
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< script > / * !
* Simple-Jekyll-Search
* Copyright 2015-2020, Christian Fei
* Licensed under the MIT License.
*/
(function(){
'use strict'
var _$Templater_7 = {
compile: compile,
setOptions: setOptions
}
const options = {}
options.pattern = /\{(.*?)\}/g
options.template = ''
options.middleware = function () {}
function setOptions (_options) {
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}
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})
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'use strict';
function fuzzysearch (needle, haystack) {
var tlen = haystack.length;
var qlen = needle.length;
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return needle === haystack;
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if (haystack.charCodeAt(j++) === nch) {
continue outer;
}
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
var _$fuzzysearch_1 = fuzzysearch;
'use strict'
/* removed: const _$fuzzysearch_1 = require('fuzzysearch') */;
var _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 = new FuzzySearchStrategy()
function FuzzySearchStrategy () {
this.matches = function (string, crit) {
return _$fuzzysearch_1(crit.toLowerCase(), string.toLowerCase())
}
}
'use strict'
var _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6 = new LiteralSearchStrategy()
function LiteralSearchStrategy () {
this.matches = function (str, crit) {
if (!str) return false
str = str.trim().toLowerCase()
crit = crit.trim().toLowerCase()
return crit.split(' ').filter(function (word) {
return str.indexOf(word) >= 0
}).length === crit.split(' ').length
}
}
'use strict'
var _$Repository_4 = {
put: put,
clear: clear,
search: search,
setOptions: __setOptions_4
}
/* removed: const _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 = require('./SearchStrategies/FuzzySearchStrategy') */;
/* removed: const _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6 = require('./SearchStrategies/LiteralSearchStrategy') */;
function NoSort () {
return 0
}
const data = []
let opt = {}
opt.fuzzy = false
opt.limit = 10
opt.searchStrategy = opt.fuzzy ? _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 : _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6
opt.sort = NoSort
opt.exclude = []
function put (data) {
if (isObject(data)) {
return addObject(data)
}
if (isArray(data)) {
return addArray(data)
}
return undefined
}
function clear () {
data.length = 0
return data
}
function isObject (obj) {
return Boolean(obj) & & Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Object]'
}
function isArray (obj) {
return Boolean(obj) & & Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]'
}
function addObject (_data) {
data.push(_data)
return data
}
function addArray (_data) {
const added = []
clear()
for (let i = 0, len = _data.length; i < len ; i + + ) {
if (isObject(_data[i])) {
added.push(addObject(_data[i]))
}
}
return added
}
function search (crit) {
if (!crit) {
return []
}
return findMatches(data, crit, opt.searchStrategy, opt).sort(opt.sort)
}
function __setOptions_4 (_opt) {
opt = _opt || {}
opt.fuzzy = _opt.fuzzy || false
opt.limit = _opt.limit || 10
opt.searchStrategy = _opt.fuzzy ? _$FuzzySearchStrategy_5 : _$LiteralSearchStrategy_6
opt.sort = _opt.sort || NoSort
opt.exclude = _opt.exclude || []
}
function findMatches (data, crit, strategy, opt) {
const matches = []
for (let i = 0; i < data.length & & matches . length < opt . limit ; i + + ) {
const match = findMatchesInObject(data[i], crit, strategy, opt)
if (match) {
matches.push(match)
}
}
return matches
}
function findMatchesInObject (obj, crit, strategy, opt) {
for (const key in obj) {
if (!isExcluded(obj[key], opt.exclude) & & strategy.matches(obj[key], crit)) {
return obj
}
}
}
function isExcluded (term, excludedTerms) {
for (let i = 0, len = excludedTerms.length; i < len ; i + + ) {
const excludedTerm = excludedTerms[i]
if (new RegExp(excludedTerm).test(term)) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
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'use strict'
var _$JSONLoader_2 = {
load: load
}
function load (location, callback) {
const xhr = getXHR()
xhr.open('GET', location, true)
xhr.onreadystatechange = createStateChangeListener(xhr, callback)
xhr.send()
}
function createStateChangeListener (xhr, callback) {
return function () {
if (xhr.readyState === 4 & & xhr.status === 200) {
try {
callback(null, JSON.parse(xhr.responseText))
} catch (err) {
callback(err, null)
}
}
}
}
function getXHR () {
return window.XMLHttpRequest ? new window.XMLHttpRequest() : new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP')
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'use strict'
var _$OptionsValidator_3 = function OptionsValidator (params) {
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return new OptionsValidator(params)
}
const requiredOptions = params.required
this.getRequiredOptions = function () {
return requiredOptions
}
this.validate = function (parameters) {
const errors = []
requiredOptions.forEach(function (requiredOptionName) {
if (typeof parameters[requiredOptionName] === 'undefined') {
errors.push(requiredOptionName)
}
})
return errors
}
function validateParams (params) {
if (!params) {
return false
}
return typeof params.required !== 'undefined' & & params.required instanceof Array
}
}
'use strict'
var _$utils_9 = {
merge: merge,
isJSON: isJSON
}
function merge (defaultParams, mergeParams) {
const mergedOptions = {}
for (const option in defaultParams) {
mergedOptions[option] = defaultParams[option]
if (typeof mergeParams[option] !== 'undefined') {
mergedOptions[option] = mergeParams[option]
}
}
return mergedOptions
}
function isJSON (json) {
try {
if (json instanceof Object & & JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(json))) {
return true
}
return false
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
var _$src_8 = {};
(function (window) {
'use strict'
let options = {
searchInput: null,
resultsContainer: null,
json: [],
success: Function.prototype,
searchResultTemplate: '< li > < a href = "{url}" title = "{desc}" > {title}< / a > < / li > ',
templateMiddleware: Function.prototype,
sortMiddleware: function () {
return 0
},
noResultsText: 'No results found',
limit: 10,
fuzzy: false,
debounceTime: null,
exclude: []
}
let debounceTimerHandle
const debounce = function (func, delayMillis) {
if (delayMillis) {
clearTimeout(debounceTimerHandle)
debounceTimerHandle = setTimeout(func, delayMillis)
} else {
func.call()
}
}
const requiredOptions = ['searchInput', 'resultsContainer', 'json']
/* removed: const _$Templater_7 = require('./Templater') */;
/* removed: const _$Repository_4 = require('./Repository') */;
/* removed: const _$JSONLoader_2 = require('./JSONLoader') */;
const optionsValidator = _$OptionsValidator_3({
required: requiredOptions
})
/* removed: const _$utils_9 = require('./utils') */;
window.SimpleJekyllSearch = function (_options) {
const errors = optionsValidator.validate(_options)
if (errors.length > 0) {
throwError('You must specify the following required options: ' + requiredOptions)
}
options = _$utils_9.merge(options, _options)
_$Templater_7.setOptions({
template: options.searchResultTemplate,
middleware: options.templateMiddleware
})
_$Repository_4.setOptions({
fuzzy: options.fuzzy,
limit: options.limit,
sort: options.sortMiddleware,
exclude: options.exclude
})
if (_$utils_9.isJSON(options.json)) {
initWithJSON(options.json)
} else {
initWithURL(options.json)
}
const rv = {
search: search
}
typeof options.success === 'function' & & options.success.call(rv)
return rv
}
function initWithJSON (json) {
_$Repository_4.put(json)
registerInput()
}
function initWithURL (url) {
_$JSONLoader_2.load(url, function (err, json) {
if (err) {
throwError('failed to get JSON (' + url + ')')
}
initWithJSON(json)
})
}
function emptyResultsContainer () {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''
}
function appendToResultsContainer (text) {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML += text
}
function registerInput () {
options.searchInput.addEventListener('input', function (e) {
if (isWhitelistedKey(e.which)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
debounce(function () { search(e.target.value) }, options.debounceTime)
}
})
}
function search (query) {
if (isValidQuery(query)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
render(_$Repository_4.search(query), query)
}
}
function render (results, query) {
const len = results.length
if (len === 0) {
return appendToResultsContainer(options.noResultsText)
}
for (let i = 0; i < len ; i + + ) {
results[i].query = query
appendToResultsContainer(_$Templater_7.compile(results[i]))
}
}
function isValidQuery (query) {
return query & & query.length > 0
}
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< article itemscope itemtype = "http://schema.org/Article" > < div class = "article__header" > < header > < h1 style = "color:Tomato;" > Installer et configurer Fail2ban + UFW sur Debian 11/12< / h1 > < / header > < / div > < meta itemprop = "headline" content = "Installer et configurer Fail2ban + UFW sur Debian 11/12" > < div class = "article__info clearfix" > < ul class = "left-col menu" > < li >
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
< a class = "button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style = "color:#00FFFF" href = "/archive.html?tag=outils" > outils< / a >
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
< / li > < / ul > < ul class = "right-col menu" > < li >
< i class = "far fa-calendar-alt" > < / i > < span title = "Création" style = "color:#FF00FF" > 27 sept. 2022< / span >
< span title = "Modification" style = "color:#00FF7F" > 11 oct. 2023< / span > < / li > < / ul > < / div > < meta itemprop = "datePublished" content = "2023-10-11T00:00:00+02:00" >
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< div class = "article__content" itemprop = "articleBody" > < details >
< summary > < b > Afficher/cacher Sommaire< / b > < / summary >
<!-- affichage sommaire -->
< div class = "toc-aside js-toc-root" > < / div >
< / details > < p > < img src = "/images/fail2ban.png" alt = "Fail2ban" / > < / p >
< p > < em > Fail2ban est un logiciel de prévention des intrusions qui protège les serveurs informatiques principalement des attaques par force brute, en interdisant les mauvais agents utilisateurs, en interdisant les scanners d’ ’ < / em > < / p >
< h2 id = "conditions-préalables" > Conditions préalables< / h2 >
< ul >
< li > Système d’ < / li >
< li > Compte utilisateur : Un compte utilisateur avec un accès sudo ou root< / li >
< li > Paquets requis : wget< / li >
< / ul >
< p > Mettez à jour votre système d’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo apt update & & sudo apt upgrade -y
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Le tutoriel utilise la commande sudo et suppose que vous avez le statut sudo.< / p >
< p > Pour vérifier le statut sudo sur votre compte : < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > sudo whoami< / code > < / p >
< h2 id = "installer-fail2ban" > Installer Fail2ban< / h2 >
< p > Par défaut, Fail2ban est inclus dans le dépôt Bullseye de Debian 11.< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo apt install fail2ban
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Par défaut, fail2ban après l’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo systemctl status fail2ban
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > ● fail2ban.service - Fail2Ban Service
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/fail2ban.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-09-27 10:47:45 CEST; 1min 49s ago
Docs: man:fail2ban(1)
Process: 46176 ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -p /run/fail2ban (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 46177 (fail2ban-server)
Tasks: 5 (limit: 4698)
Memory: 15.9M
CPU: 198ms
CGroup: /system.slice/fail2ban.service
└─46177 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/fail2ban-server -xf start
sept. 27 10:47:45 ouestyan.fr systemd[1]: Starting Fail2Ban Service...
sept. 27 10:47:45 ouestyan.fr systemd[1]: Started Fail2Ban Service.
sept. 27 10:47:45 ouestyan.fr fail2ban-server[46177]: Server ready
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Si votre service fail2ban n’ ’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo systemctl start fail2ban
sudo systemctl enable fail2ban
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Vérifiez la version de fail2ban< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > fail2ban-client --version
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Sortie : < strong > Fail2Ban v0.11.2< / strong > < / p >
< h2 id = "configurer-fail2ban" > Configurer Fail2ban< / h2 >
< p > Après avoir terminé l’ ’ < br / >
Fail2ban est livré avec deux fichiers de configuration qui sont situés dans < strong > /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf< / strong > et The default Fail2ban < strong > /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/defaults-debian.conf< / strong > . < u > Ne modifiez pas ces fichiers< / u > .< br / >
< code class = "language-plaintext warning highlighter-rouge" > Les fichiers de configuration originaux seront remplacés dans toute mise à jour de Fail2ban< / code > < / p >
< p > Création des copies se terminant par < strong > .local< / strong > au lieu de < strong > .conf< / strong > car Fail2ban lira toujours les fichiers .local en premier avant de charger .conf s’ ’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Ouvrir le fichier de configuration pour le modifier< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > On va passer en revue certains paramètres que vous pouvez utiliser ou modifier à votre guise. Notez que la plupart des paramètres sont commentés, le tutoriel décommentera les lignes en question ou modifiera les lignes existantes dans les paramètres de l’ < / p >
< h3 id = "debian-12---configuration" > Debian 12 - Configuration< / h3 >
< p > Configuration < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > /etc/fail2ban/jail.local< / code > < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [DEFAULT]
# Debian 12 has no log files, just journalctl
backend = systemd
logtarget = SYSTEMD-JOURNAL
bantime = 720m # How long to block an abusive IP
findtime = 120m # Time period to check the connections
maxretry = 3 # Within the above time period, block the abusive IP if the number of the abusive IP connections reaches the maxretry
banaction = ufw
banaction_allports = ufw
destemail = example@example.com
sender = example@example.com
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 ::1 192.168.0.0/24 # Ignore these IP, Hosts, IP ranges during operation
[sshd]
# To use more aggressive sshd modes set filter parameter "mode" in jail.local:
# normal (default), ddos, extra or aggressive (combines all).
# See "tests/files/logs/sshd" or "filter.d/sshd.conf" for usage example and details.
#mode = normal
enabled = true
port = 55215
logpath = %(sshd_log)s
backend = %(sshd_backend)s
bantime = 60h
maxretry = 3
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "augmenter-le-temps-dinterdiction" > Augmenter le temps d’ < / h3 >
< p > Le premier paramètre que vous rencontrerez est l’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ < / p >
< p > Vous devez également définir un multiplicateur ou un facteur pour que la logique d’ ’ ’ ’ ’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > # "bantime.multipliers" used to calculate next value of ban time instead of formula, coresponding
# previously ban count and given "bantime.factor" (for multipliers default is 1);
# following example grows ban time by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ... and if last ban count greater as multipliers count,
# always used last multiplier (64 in example), for factor '1' and original ban time 600 - 10.6 hours
#bantime.multipliers = 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
# following example can be used for small initial ban time (bantime=60) - it grows more aggressive at begin,
# for bantime=60 the multipliers are minutes and equal: 1 min, 5 min, 30 min, 1 hour, 5 hour, 12 hour, 1 day, 2 day
#bantime.multipliers = 1 5 30 60 300 720 1440 2880
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "ufw-ou-iptables" > UFW ou Iptables< / h3 >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > #banaction = iptables-multiport
#banaction_allports = iptables-allports
banaction = ufw
banaction_allports = ufw
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "liste-blanche-dips-dans-fail2ban" > Liste blanche d’ < / h3 >
< p > Ensuite dans la liste, nous trouvons les options de liste blanche, décommentez ce qui suit et adressez toutes les adresses IP que vous voulez mettre sur la liste blanche.< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 ::1 192.167.5.5 # (exemple d'adresse IP)
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Veillez à insérer un espace ou une virgule entre les adresses IP. Vous pouvez également mettre sur liste blanche des plages d’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > # "ignoreip" can be a list of IP addresses, CIDR masks or DNS hosts. Fail2ban
# will not ban a host which matches an address in this list. Several addresses
# can be defined using space (and/or comma) separator.
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 ::1 45.145.166.178 2a04:ecc0:8:a8:4567:4989:0:1
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "durée-dinterdiction-par-défaut" > Durée d’ < / h3 >
< p > Par défaut, la durée d’ ’ < / p >
< p > Cependant, lorsque vous arrivez aux prisons, il est conseillé de définir des temps de bannissement différents car certains bannissements doivent automatiquement être plus longs que d’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > # "bantime" is the number of seconds that a host is banned.
bantime = 3600
# A host is banned if it has generated "maxretry" during the last "findtime"
# seconds.
findtime = 3600
# "maxretry" is the number of failures before a host get banned.
maxretry = 6
# "maxmatches" is the number of matches stored in ticket (resolvable via tag < matches> in actions).
maxmatches = %(maxretry)s
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "courrier-électronique-avec-fail2ban" > Courrier électronique avec Fail2ban< / h3 >
< p > Remarque, par défaut, Fail2ban utilise le MTA sendmail pour les notifications par courriel. Vous pouvez changer cela pour la fonction mail, remplacer < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > mta = sendmail< / code > par < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > mta = mail< / code > < / p >
< p > Vous devez sélectionner l’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > destemail = admin@example.com
sendername = Fail2BanAlerts
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Dans le jargon de fail2ban, une “action” est la procédure suivie lorsqu’ ’ ’ ’ < / p >
< p > Vous pouvez utiliser l’ < strong > action_mw< / strong > pour bannir le client et envoyer une notification par e-mail à votre compte configuré avec un rapport “whois” sur l’ ’ < strong > action_mwl< / strong > , qui fait la même chose, mais inclut également les lignes du journal qui ont déclenché l’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > # Choose default action. To change, just override value of 'action' with the
# interpolation to the chosen action shortcut (e.g. action_mw, action_mwl, etc) in jail.local
# globally (section [DEFAULT]) or per specific section
action = %(action_mwl)s
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "configurer-fail2ban-nginx" > Configurer Fail2Ban Nginx< / h3 >
< h4 id = "configuration-de-fail2ban-pour-surveiller-les-journaux-de-nginx" > Configuration de Fail2Ban pour surveiller les journaux de Nginx< / h4 >
< p class = "warning" > Si vous utilisez lz parefeu UFW , ajouter < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > banaction = ufw< / code > aux différents “jail”< / p >
< p > Maintenant que vous avez mis en place certains des paramètres généraux de Fail2Ban, nous pouvons nous concentrer sur l’ < / p >
< p > Chaque jail du fichier de configuration est marqué par un en-tête contenant le nom du jail entre crochets (chaque section, à l’ < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [DEFAULT]< / code > , indique la configuration d’ < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [ssh]< / code > est activée.< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [sshd]
# To use more aggressive sshd modes set filter parameter "mode" in jail.local:
# normal (default), ddos, extra or aggressive (combines all).
# See "tests/files/logs/sshd" or "filter.d/sshd.conf" for usage example and details.
#mode = normal
port = 55178
logpath = %(sshd_log)s
backend = %(sshd_backend)s
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Pour activer la surveillance des journaux des tentatives de connexion de Nginx, nous allons activer l’ < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [nginx-http-auth]< / code > . Modifiez la directive enabled de cette section pour qu’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [nginx-http-auth]
enabled = true
filter = nginx-http-auth
port = http,https
logpath = /var/log/nginx/error.log
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > C’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ < / p >
< p > Nous pouvons créer un jail [nginx-noscript] pour interdire les clients qui recherchent des scripts sur le site Web pour les exécuter et les exploiter. Si vous n’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [nginx-noscript]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-noscript
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 6
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Nous pouvons ajouter une section appelée [nginx-badbots] pour arrêter certains modèles de requête de robots malveillants connus :< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [nginx-badbots]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-badbots
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 2
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Si vous n’ < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [nginx-nohome]< / code > :< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [nginx-nohome]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-nohome
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 2
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Nous devrions interdire les clients qui tentent d’ < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [nginx-noproxy]< / code > pour répondre à ces demandes :< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > [nginx-noproxy]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-noproxy
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 2
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Le fichier < strong > jail.local< / strong > avec seulement les lignes modifiées< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > bantime.multipliers = 1 5 30 60 300 720 1440 2880
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 ::1 45.145.166.178 2a04:ecc0:8:a8:4567:4989:0:1
ignorecommand =
bantime = 3600
findtime = 3600
maxretry = 5
destemail = vps@cinay.eu
sendername = Fail2BanAlerts
mta = mail
#banaction = iptables-multiport
#banaction_allports = iptables-allports
banaction = ufw
banaction_allports = ufw
# ban & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
# to the destemail.
action = %(action_mwl)s
# The simplest action to take: ban only
#action = %(action_)s
[nginx-noscript]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-noscript
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
banaction = ufw
maxretry = 6
[nginx-badbots]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-badbots
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 2
[nginx-nohome]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-nohome
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 2
[nginx-noproxy]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = nginx-noproxy
logpath = /var/log/nginx/access.log
maxretry = 2
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h4 id = "ajout-des-filtres-pour-les-prisons-nginx-supplémentaires" > Ajout des filtres pour les prisons Nginx supplémentaires< / h4 >
< p > Nous avons mis à jour le fichier < strong > /etc/fail2ban/jail.local< / strong > avec quelques spécifications de jail supplémentaires pour correspondre et bannir un plus grand nombre de mauvais comportements. Nous devons créer les < u > fichiers de filtre< / u > pour les prisons que nous avons créées. Ces fichiers de filtre spécifieront les modèles à rechercher dans les journaux de Nginx.< / p >
< p > Le répertoire des filtres : < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > /etc/fail2ban/filter.d< / code > < / p >
< p > Nous voulons en fait commencer par ajuster le filtre d’ ’ ’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo -s
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Nous pouvons copier le fichier apache-badbots.conf pour l’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > cp /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-badbots.conf /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-badbots.conf
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Ensuite, nous allons créer un filtre pour notre jail < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [nginx-noscript]< / code > < / p >
< p > Collez la définition suivante à l’ ’ < / p >
< div class = "language-bash highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > < span class = "nb" > cat< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-noscript.conf < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "no" > EOF< / span > < span class = "sh" >
[Definition]
failregex = ^< HOST> -.*GET.*(< / span > < span class = "se" > \.< / span > < span class = "sh" > php|< / span > < span class = "se" > \.< / span > < span class = "sh" > asp|< / span > < span class = "se" > \.< / span > < span class = "sh" > exe|< / span > < span class = "se" > \.< / span > < span class = "sh" > pl|< / span > < span class = "se" > \.< / span > < span class = "sh" > cgi|< / span > < span class = "se" > \.< / span > < span class = "sh" > scgi)
ignoreregex =
< / span > < span class = "no" > EOF
< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Ensuite, créez un filtre pour la prison < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [nginx-nohome]< / code > < / p >
< p > Placez les informations de filtre suivantes dans le fichier :
/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-nohome.conf< / p >
< div class = "language-bash highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > < span class = "nb" > cat< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-nohome.conf < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "no" > EOF< / span > < span class = "sh" >
[Definition]
failregex = ^< HOST> -.*GET .*/~.*
ignoreregex =
< / span > < span class = "no" > EOF
< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Enfin, nous pouvons créer le filtre pour le jail < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > [nginx-noproxy]< / code > < / p >
< p > Cette définition de filtre correspondra aux tentatives d’
/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-noproxy.conf< / p >
< div class = "language-bash highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > < span class = "nb" > cat< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-noproxy.conf < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "no" > EOF< / span > < span class = "sh" >
[Definition]
failregex = ^< HOST> -.*GET http.*
ignoreregex =
< / span > < span class = "no" > EOF
< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "activation-de-vos-jails-nginx" > Activation de vos Jails Nginx< / h3 >
< p > Pour mettre en œuvre vos modifications de configuration, vous devez redémarrer le service fail2ban. Vous pouvez le faire en tapant< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo systemctl restart fail2ban
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Le service devrait redémarrer et mettre en œuvre les différentes politiques de bannissement que vous avez configurées.
Obtenir des informations sur les prisons activées< / p >
< p > Vous pouvez voir toutes vos prisons activées en utilisant la commande fail2ban-client :< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo fail2ban-client status
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Vous devriez voir une liste de tous les jails que vous avez activés :< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > Status
|- Number of jail: 5
`- Jail list: nginx-badbots, nginx-nohome, nginx-noproxy, nginx-noscript, sshd
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "tester-fail2ban---ssh" > Tester fail2ban - ssh< / h3 >
< p > Depuis un VPS, on va essayer de se connecter sur rnmkcy.eu via ssh< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > yann@xoyaz:~$ ssh riri@rnmkcy.eu -p 55215
riri@rnmkcy.eu: Permission denied (publickey).
yann@xoyaz:~$ ssh riri@rnmkcy.eu -p 55215
riri@rnmkcy.eu: Permission denied (publickey).
yann@xoyaz:~$ ssh riri@rnmkcy.eu -p 55215
riri@rnmkcy.eu: Permission denied (publickey).
yann@xoyaz:~$ ssh riri@rnmkcy.eu -p 55215
ssh: connect to host rnmkcy.eu port 55215: Connection refused
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Comme vous pouvez le voir dans la sortie ci-dessus, après trois échecs consécutifs, Fail2Ban bloque activement la connexion SSH. Après trois échecs consécutifs, la connexion est interrompue et l’ ’ ’ < / p >
< h3 id = "fail2ban-client" > Fail2ban-client< / h3 >
< p > Maintenant que vous êtes opérationnel avec Fail2ban, vous devez connaître quelques commandes d’ < / p >
< h4 id = "surveillance-fail2ban-client" > Surveillance fail2ban-client< / h4 >
< p > L’ ’ ’ ’ ’ < / p >
< p > Vous pouvez utiliser l’ ’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo fail2ban-client status
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > Status
|- Number of jail: 1
`- Jail list: sshd
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > Pour afficher l’ < / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo fail2ban-client status sshd
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > Status for the jail: sshd
|- Filter
| |- Currently failed: 0
| |- Total failed: 3
| `- Journal matches: _SYSTEMD_UNIT=sshd.service + _COMM=sshd
`- Actions
|- Currently banned: 4
|- Total banned: 4
`- Banned IP list: 109.123.254.249 2a02:7b40:c3b5:f29c::1 2a02:c206:2108:3749::1 195.181.242.156
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h4 id = "bannirdébannir-adresse-ip" > Bannir/Débannir adresse IP< / h4 >
< p > Bannir une adresse IP< br / >
< code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > sudo fail2ban-client set nginx-badbots banip < adresse IP> < / code > < / p >
< p > Débannir une IP< br / >
< code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > sudo fail2ban-client set nginx-badbots unbanip < ip address> < / code > < / p >
< h2 id = "liens" > Liens< / h2 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://www.czeo.com/configure-fail2ban-with-ufw/" > Configuration of fail2ban with UFW< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.linuxtricks.fr/wiki/fail2ban-bannir-automatiquement-les-intrus" > Fail2Ban - Bannir automatiquement les intrus< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-protect-an-nginx-server-with-fail2ban-on-ubuntu-14-04" > How To Protect an Nginx Server with Fail2Ban on Ubuntu 14.04< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.linuxcapable.com/how-to-install-configure-fail2ban-on-debian-11/" > How to Install & Configure Fail2ban on Debian 11< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/how-to-use-fail2ban-for-ssh-brute-force-protection/" > Using Fail2Ban for SSH Brute-force Protection< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.malekal.com/comment-proteger-ssh-avec-fail2ban-des-attaques-dos-bruteforce/" > Comment protéger SSH avec Fail2ban des attaques DoS / Bruteforce< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "/2022/09/27/Debian_11_Fail2ban_UFW.html" > Installer et configurer Fail2ban + UFW sur Debian 11< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
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< div class = "article__section-navigator clearfix" > < div class = "previous" > < span > PRÉCÉDENT< / span > < a href = "/2022/09/20/unison_alternative_rsync.html" > Synchronisation fichiers avec Unison sous Linux< / a > < / div > < div class = "next" > < span > SUIVANT< / span > < a href = "/2022/10/07/Parametrage-Nextcloud.html" > Paramétrage , mise à jour et erreurs Nextcloud< / a > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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$searchInput = $searchBox.children('input');
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$searchInput.on('focus', function() {
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$searchInput.on('input', window.throttle(function() {
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< / script > < div class = "search search--dark" >
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< div class = "search__header" > Recherche< / div >
< div class = "search-bar" >
< div class = "search-box js-search-box" >
< div class = "search-box__icon-search" > < i class = "fas fa-search" > < / i > < / div >
< input id = "search-input" type = "text" / >
< div class = "search-box__icon-clear js-icon-clear" >
< a > < i class = "fas fa-times" > < / i > < / a >
< / div >
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< button class = "button button--theme-dark button--pill search__cancel js-search-toggle" >
Annuler< / button >
< / div >
< div id = "results-container" class = "search-result js-search-result" > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
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< script > / * !
* Simple-Jekyll-Search
* Copyright 2015-2020, Christian Fei
* Licensed under the MIT License.
*/
(function(){
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compile: compile,
setOptions: setOptions
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noResultsText: '< p > Aucun résultat!< / p > ',
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< / script >
< / div > < / div >
< script > ( f u n c t i o n ( ) {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
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});
}
$.fn.scrollToAnchor = scrollToAnchor;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function affix(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroll,
offsetBottom = 0, scrollTarget = window, scroll = window.document, disabled = false, isOverallScroller = true,
rootTop, rootLeft, rootHeight, scrollBottom, rootBottomTop,
hasInit = false, curState;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.offsetBottom & & (offsetBottom = _options.offsetBottom);
_options.scrollTarget & & (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroll & & (scroll = _options.scroll);
_options.disabled !== undefined & & (disabled = _options.disabled);
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
isOverallScroller = window.isOverallScroller($scrollTarget[0]);
$scroll = $(scroll);
}
function preCalc() {
top();
rootHeight = $root.outerHeight();
rootTop = $root.offset().top + (isOverallScroller ? 0 : $scrollTarget.scrollTop());
rootLeft = $root.offset().left;
}
function calc(needPreCalc) {
needPreCalc & & preCalc();
scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
}
function top() {
if (curState !== 'top') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
});
curState = 'top';
}
}
function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
}
}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
});
curState = 'bottom';
}
}
function setState() {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop();
if (scrollTop >= rootTop & & scrollTop < = scrollBottom) {
fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop ) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('< ul class = "toc toc--ellipsis" > < / ul > '), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors & & (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container & & (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget & & (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller & & (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined & & (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1 ) { return ; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length ; i + + ) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast & & $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('< li > < / li > ').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('< a > < / a > ').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
< / script > < script >
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc & & toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix & & affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
< / script > <!-- -->
< / div >
< script > ( f u n c t i o n ( ) {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
< / script >
< / body >
< / html >
