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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">Nginx, PHP8.0, MariaDB et Nextcloud</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="Nginx, PHP8.0, MariaDB et Nextcloud"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
<a class="button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style="color:#00FFFF" href="/archive.html?tag=nextcloud">nextcloud</a>
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">18&nbsp;sept.&nbsp;2021</span>
<span title="Modification" style="color:#00FF7F">23&nbsp;sept.&nbsp;2021</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2021-09-23T00:00:00+02:00">
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</details><p><em>Nextcloud peut être installé sur nimporte quel serveur supportant une version récente de PHP et supportant MariaDB (base de données par défaut), MySQL ou PostgreSQL.</em></p>
<p>Serveur debian/ubuntu à jour<br />
Utilisateur avec droits sudo</p>
<h2 id="nginx-php80-mariadb">Nginx PHP8.0 MariaDB</h2>
<h3 id="nginx">nginx</h3>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install nginx
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Oter le commentaire de la ligne <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">server_tokens off;</code> dans la configuration de base <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</code></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>worker_processes</strong> : laisser <strong>auto</strong> ou pour profiter pleinement de la puissance de votre serveur, il est recommandé de mettre autant de worker_processes que de cœurs disponibles sur votre serveur. Pour connaître le nombre de cœurs sur votre serveur, il suffit de lancer la commande : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l</code></li>
<li><strong>server_tokens</strong> : pour des raisons de sécurité, il est recommandé de désactiver lenvoi dinformations telles que le numéro de version de votre Nginx. Pour cela, décommentez cette directive dans le bloc http.</li>
<li>modifier le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</code></li>
</ul>
<p>On autorise tls1.2 et tls1.3 uniquement et ciphers off</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[...]
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
[...]
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Relancer nginx : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo systemctl restart nginx</code></p>
<h3 id="php-80">PHP 8.0</h3>
<p>Ajout du dépôt sury.org</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Pour installer la version de 8 de php, ajouter le dépôt sury.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt <span class="nb">install</span> <span class="nt">-y</span> lsb-release apt-transport-https ca-certificates wget
wget <span class="nt">-O</span> /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/php.gpg https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ </span><span class="si">$(</span>lsb_release <span class="nt">-sc</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2"> main"</span> |tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Installer php8.0</p>
<p>Mise à jour des dépôts :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt update
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>installer les paquets PHP nécessaires à nextcloud</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt install php8.0 php8.0-cli php8.0-gd php8.0-imap php8.0-mysql php8.0-soap php8.0-apcu php8.0-common php8.0-gmp php8.0-intl php8.0-opcache php8.0-xml php8.0-curl php8.0-igbinary php8.0-readline php8.0-zip php8.0-bcmath php8.0-fpm php8.0-imagick php8.0-mbstring php8.0-redis imagemagick
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="mariadb">MariaDB</h3>
<p><a href="/htmldoc/Debian%2010%20Buster%20-%20installer%20et%20configurer%20MariaDB.html">Debian 10 Buster : installer et configurer MariaDB</a></p>
<h2 id="nextcloud">Nextcloud</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.jjworld.fr/installer-nextcloud-creer-son-cloud-personnel/">Installer Nextcloud 22 Ubuntu et Debian</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/">Nextcloud Server Administration Guide</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/user_manual/fr/">Manuel utilisateur de Nextcloud (fr)</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="installation">Installation</h3>
<p>On télécharge Nextcloud 22</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest-22.tar.bz2
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Télécharger le SHA256</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest-22.tar.bz2.sha256
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérifier lintégrité de larchive téléchargée</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sha256sum -c latest-22.tar.bz2.sha256 &lt; latest-22.tar.bz2
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Doit donner le résultat suivant : <strong>latest-22.tar.bz2: OK</strong></p>
<p>Vérifier la signature PGP et la provenance de larchive téléchargée (FACULTATIF)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest.tar.bz2.asc
sudo wget https://nextcloud.com/nextcloud.asc
gpg --import nextcloud.asc
gpg --verify latest.tar.bz2.asc latest.tar.bz2
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Donne le résultat suivant</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>gpg: Signature faite le jeu. 08 avril 2021 15:34:38 CEST
gpg: avec la clef RSA 28806A878AE423A28372792ED75899B9A724937A
gpg: Bonne signature de « Nextcloud Security &lt;security@nextcloud.com&gt; » [inconnu]
gpg: Attention : cette clef n'est pas certifiée avec une signature de confiance.
gpg: Rien n'indique que la signature appartient à son propriétaire.
Empreinte de clef principale : 2880 6A87 8AE4 23A2 8372 792E D758 99B9 A724 937A
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Décompresser larchive Nextcloud :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>tar -xvf latest-22.tar.bz2
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Déplacement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo mv nextcloud /var/www/
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Supprimez les fichiers et signatures téléchargés :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>rm latest-22.tar.bz2*
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="utilisateur-nextcloud">Utilisateur nextcloud</h3>
<p>Lors du déploiement basique dun serveur HTTP, lutilisateur sous lequel fonctionne ce serveur (Apache, Nginx…) est la plupart du temps www-data, nobody ou apache. Cela signifie que si plusieurs sites existent sous la même instance de Nginx, tous utilisent le même utilisateur. Or si lun des sites savère corrompu par un utilisateur malveillant alors lassaillant peut profiter pleinement de tous les droits de lutilisateur sous lequel tourne le serveur web. Tous les sites savèrent donc vulnérables.</p>
<p>Pour des raisons évidentes de sécurité, il est donc recommandé de cloisonner ces utilisateurs et davoir un utilisateur dédié à la gestion du dossier nextcloud. Cet utilisateur aura des droits aussi restreints que possible à ce répertoire.
Par défaut, les fichiers de Nextcloud possèdent les permissions suivantes :</p>
<ul>
<li>répertoires : 755 (permission de lecture, décriture et dexécution pour le propriétaire et permission de lecture et dexécution pour le groupe et les autres)</li>
<li>fichiers : 644 (permission de lecture et décriture pour le propriétaire et permission de lecture uniquement pour le groupe et les autres).</li>
</ul>
<p>Nous allons donc modifier le propriétaire du répertoire <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/nextcloud</code> et lattribuer à un nouvel utilisateur dédié : <strong>nextcloud</strong></p>
<p>Par ailleurs, Nginx est lancé sous lutilisateur <strong>www-data</strong> et doit avoir accès en lecture au répertoire <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/nextcloud</code> pour lire les ressources statiques (HTML, CSS, JS, etc.). Nous allons donc attribuer le répertoire <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/nextcloud</code> au groupe <strong>www-data</strong>. Enfin nous retirerons toutes les permissions de ce répertoire aux autres utilisateurs.</p>
<p>Créez un utilisateur nextcloud</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo useradd -r nextcloud
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Modifiez le propriétaire et le groupe du répertoire /var/www/nextcloud :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo chown -R nextcloud:www-data /var/www/nextcloud
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Retirez toutes les permissions aux autres utilisateurs :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo chmod -R o-rwx /var/www/nextcloud
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="mariadb-1">MariaDB</h3>
<p>Installation de MariaDB</p>
<p>Comme dhabitude, on utilise la commande apt-get pour installer les paquets de MariaDB</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install mariadb-server
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Mot de passe base nextcloud</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>tr -cd '[:alnum:]' &lt; /dev/urandom | fold -w16 | head -n1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Accès base par su</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Tout comme pour la gestion du répertoire nextcloud et pour plus de sécurité, vous allez tout dabord créer un utilisateur MySQL <strong>nextcloud</strong> dédié à la base de données nextcloud, renseigner un mot de passe et ensuite lui donner les droits sur cette base de données.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mysql -u root &lt;&lt;-EOF
CREATE DATABASE nextcloud;
CREATE USER "nextcloud"@"localhost";
SET password FOR "nextcloud"@"localhost" = password('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud.* TO "nextcloud"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EOF
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="cloudxoyazxyz">cloud.xoyaz.xyz</h3>
<p>Domaine xoyaz.xyz OVH</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$TTL 3600
@ IN SOA dns106.ovh.net. tech.ovh.net. (2021091801 86400 3600 3600000 300)
IN NS ns106.ovh.net.
IN NS dns106.ovh.net.
IN A 5.2.79.127
IN AAAA 2a04:52c0:101:82::1
cloud IN A 45.145.166.51
cloud IN AAAA 2a04:ecc0:8:a8:4567:833:0:1
hms IN A 45.145.166.51
hms IN AAAA 2a04:ecc0:8:a8:4567:833:0:1
wg IN CNAME xoyaz.xyz.
zic IN CNAME xoyaz.xyz.
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Certificats Lets Encrypt sur le domaine cloud.xoyaz.xyz</strong><br />
Installation des certificats</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>acme.sh --ecc --install-cert -d hms.xoyaz.xyz -d cloud.xoyaz.xyz --key-file /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-key.pem --fullchain-file /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-fullchain.pem --reloadcmd 'sudo systemctl reload nginx.service'
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Editer le crontab</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>crontab -e
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>56 0 * * * "/home/userhms/.acme.sh"/acme.sh --cron --home "/home/userhms/.acme.sh" --renew-hook "/home/userhms/.acme.sh/acme.sh --ecc --install-cert -d hms.xoyaz.xyz -d cloud.xoyaz.xyz --key-file /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-key.pem --fullchain-file /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-fullchain.pem --reloadcmd 'sudo systemctl reload nginx.service'" &gt; /dev/null
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>PHP pool nextcloud</strong><br />
Création du pool nextcloud <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/php/8.0/fpm/pool.d/nextcloud.conf</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano /etc/php/8.0/fpm/pool.d/nextcloud.conf
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[nextcloud]
listen = /run/php/nextcloud.sock
listen.owner = nextcloud
listen.group = www-data
user = nextcloud
group = www-data
pm = ondemand
pm.max_children = 56
pm.process_idle_timeout = 60s
pm.max_requests = 500
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>mémoire pour PHP</strong> , ajouter <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">memory_limit = 512M</code> dans le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo sed -i -e "s/^memory_limit \+= \+.*$/memory_limit = 512M/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sudo sed -i -e "s/^output_buffering \+= \+.*$/output_buffering = 0/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérification</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>cat /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini |egrep "memory_limit|^output_buffering"
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>output_buffering = 0
memory_limit = 512M
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Cache PHP : OPcache</strong></p>
<p><em>OPcache (qui signifie Optimizer Plus Cache) est introduit depuis la version 5.5.0 de PHP. Il sert à cacher lopcode de PHP, cest-à-dire les instructions de bas niveau générées par la machine virtuelle PHP lors de lexécution dun script. Autrement dit, le code pré-compilé est stocké en mémoire. Cela évite ainsi létape de compilation à chaque requête PHP. De plus, OPcache va optimiser lexécution du code afin den améliorer les performances.</em></p>
<p>Alternative A: Éditez le fichier /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini,ajouter les lignes suivantes dans la section [opcache] :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[opcache]
opcache.enable = 1
opcache.interned_strings_buffer = 8
opcache.max_accelerated_files = 10000
opcache.memory_consumption = 128
opcache.save_comments = 1
opcache.revalidate_freq = 1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Alternative B: Exécuter les instructions suivantes</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sed -i -e "s/^;* *opcache\.enable *= *.*$/opcache.enable=1/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sed -i -e "s/^;* *opcache\.memory_consumption *= *.*$/opcache.memory_consumption=128/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sed -i -e "s/^;* *opcache\.interned_strings_buffer *= *.*$/opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sed -i -e "s/^;* *opcache\.max_accelerated_files *= *.*$/opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sed -i -e "s/^;* *opcache\.revalidate_freq *= *.*$/opcache.revalidate_freq=1/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sed -i -e "s/^;* *opcache\.save_comments *= *.*$/opcache.save_comments=1/g" /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérification</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>cat /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini | \
egrep "^;* *opcache\.enable *=|^;* *opcache\.interned_strings_buffer *=\
|^;* *opcache\.max_accelerated_files *=|^;* *opcache\.memory_consumption *=\
|^;* *opcache\.save_comments *=|^;* *opcache\.revalidate_freq *="
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>La nouvelle configuration sera prise en compte après redémarrage du service PHP-FPM :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl restart php8.0-fpm.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Nginx cloud.xoyaz.xyz.conf</strong></p>
<p>NGINX Configuration <a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/22/admin_manual/installation/nginx.html">https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/22/admin_manual/installation/nginx.html</a></p>
<p>Le fichier de configuration web <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cloud.xoyaz.xyz.conf</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/cloud.xoyaz.xyz.conf
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>upstream php-handler {
server unix:/var/run/php/nextcloud.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name cloud.xoyaz.xyz;
# enforce https
return 301 https://$server_name:443$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name cloud.xoyaz.xyz;
# Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
# https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
# NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-key.pem;
# TLS 1.3 only
ssl_protocols TLSv1.3;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
# HSTS (ngx_http_headers_module is required) (63072000 seconds)
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000" always;
# Virtual Host Configs
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/hms.xoyaz.xyz.d/*.conf;
# OCSP stapling
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
# verify chain of trust of OCSP response using Root CA and Intermediate certs
ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/ssl/private/xoyaz.xyz-fullchain.pem;
# replace with the IP address of your resolver
resolver 8.8.8.8;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
#add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
# Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /var/www/nextcloud;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
# The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
}
# Anything else is dynamically handled by Nextcloud
location ^~ /.well-known { return 301 /index.php$uri; }
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 4;
gzip_min_length 256;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy)\.php(?:$|\/) {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
# Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
# Enable pretty urls
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
#add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg|bcmap|mp4|webm)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérifier et recharger nginx</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl reload nginx
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="paramétrage">Paramétrage</h3>
<p>Lancer <a href="https://cloud.xoyaz.xyz">https://cloud.xoyaz.xyz</a></p>
<p>Créer un compte administrateur et son mot de passe
admin
Saisir les informations sur la base , utilisateur et mot de passe <br />
<img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu001.png" alt="" width="200" /> <img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu002.png" alt="" width="200" /> <img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu003.png" alt="" width="200" /></p>
<p class="error">Ne pas installer les applications recommandées<br />
Ne pas tenir compte de lerreur dadressage <a href="https://apps/files/">https://apps/files/</a> à la fin de linstallation<br />
Fermer longlet et réouvrir le lien <a href="https://cloud.xoyaz.xyz">https://cloud.xoyaz.xyz</a></p>
<p>Réinitialiser le mot de passe admin nextcloud</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ user:resetpassword admin
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="authentification-à-deux-facteurs">Authentification à deux facteurs</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/user_manual/fr/user_2fa.html">Utilisation de lauthentification à deux facteurs</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.aukfood.fr/securiser-son-compte-nextcloud-avec-le-2fa/">Sécuriser son compte Nextcloud avec le 2FA</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Cette activation de la double authentification passe par plusieurs étapes.<br />
La première est dinstaller une (ou plusieurs applications) permettant davoir un deuxième facteur dauthentification. Ces applications sont listées <a href="https://apps.nextcloud.com/categories/security">le magasin des applications Nextcloud catégorie Sécurité</a>. Il existe plusieurs applications, chacunes delles ayant une fonctionnalité précise.</p>
<p>Installer lapplication <a href="https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/twofactor_totp">TOTP two-factor provider</a> <br />
<img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu006.png" alt="" width="600" /> <br />
Ensuite se rendre dans Paramètres → Sécurité<br />
<img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu005.png" alt="" width="600" /> <br />
Il faut sauver les code de récupération TOTP<br />
Paramétrer les applications TOTP avec le code ou QrCode<br />
Vérifier pour valider le passage en authorisation à deux facteurs TOTP<br />
Se reconnecter à lapplication et après saisie login/Mot de passe , un code est exigé <br />
<img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu008.png" alt="" width="600" /></p>
<h2 id="opérations-sur-nextcloud">Opérations sur nextcloud</h2>
<h3 id="optimisation">Optimisation</h3>
<p><img src="/images/nextcloud-secure.png" alt="" width="600" /></p>
<p><strong>Votre installation na pas de préfixe de région par défaut.</strong> , ajouter <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">'default_phone_region' =&gt; 'FR',</code> dans le le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/nextcloud/config/config.php</code> ou exécuter la commande suivante <br />
Configuration de la région par défaut pour les numéros de téléphone</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set default_phone_region --value="FR"
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Cache de données : APCu &amp; Redis</strong></p>
<p><em>APCu permet notamment de mettre en cache les variables PHP et de les stocker en mémoire vive. Redis est un système de gestion de base de données NoSQL avec un système de clef-valeur scalable (sadapte à la charge). Une des principales caractéristiques de Redis est de conserver lintégralité des données en RAM. Cela permet dobtenir dexcellentes performances en évitant les accès disques, particulièrement coûteux.</em><br />
<a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-secure-redis-on-ubuntu-18-04">How To Install and Secure Redis on Ubuntu 18.04</a></p>
<p>Installez les paquets APCu et Redis :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install php8.0-apcu redis-server php8.0-redis
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ajoutez les lignes suivantes dans le fichier /var/www/nextcloud/config/config.php :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /var/www/nextcloud/config/config.php
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> 'memcache.local' =&gt; '\OC\Memcache\APCu',
'memcache.distributed' =&gt; '\OC\Memcache\Redis',
'memcache.locking' =&gt; '\OC\Memcache\Redis',
'redis' =&gt; [
'host' =&gt; 'localhost',
'port' =&gt; 6379,
],
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>La nouvelle configuration sera prise en compte après redémarrage du service PHP-FPM :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl restart php8.0-fpm.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Si tout est bien paramétré , voici le message <br />
<img src="/images/nextcloud.rnmkcy.eu004.png" alt="" width="600" /></p>
<p><strong>Stockage externe</strong><br />
<img src="/images/cloud_xoyaz_xyz07.png" alt="" width="600" /><br />
<img src="/images/cloud_xoyaz_xyz08.png" alt="" width="600" /></p>
<p><strong>Travaux cron</strong></p>
<p>Vous pouvez programmer des tâches cron de trois façons : en utilisant AJAX, Webcron ou cron. La méthode par défaut consiste à utiliser AJAX. Cependant, la méthode recommandée est dutiliser cron.</p>
<p>Si systemd est installé sur le système, un timer systemd peut être une alternative à un cronjob.</p>
<p>Cette approche nécessite deux fichiers : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloudcron.service</code> et <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloudcron.timer</code><br />
Créez ces deux fichiers dans <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/</code></p>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/nextcloudcron.service</code> doit ressembler à ceci :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Nextcloud cron.php job
[Service]
User=nextcloud
ExecStart=/usr/bin/php -f /var/www/nextcloud/cron.php
KillMode=process
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Remplacez lutilisateur <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">User</code> par lutilisateur de votre serveur http (<strong>www-data</strong> si ce nest pas <strong>nextcloud</strong>) et <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/nextcloud/cron.php</code> par lemplacement de cron.php dans votre répertoire nextcloud.</p>
<p>Le paramètre <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">KillMode=process</code> est nécessaire pour que les programmes externes qui sont lancés par la tâche cron continuent à fonctionner après la fin de la tâche cron.</p>
<p>Notez que le fichier <strong>.service</strong> unit na pas besoin dune section <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">[Install]</code>. Veuillez vérifier votre installation car nous lavons recommandé dans les versions précédentes de ce manuel dadministration.</p>
<p>Le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/systemd/system/nextcloudcron.timer</code> devrait ressembler à ceci :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description=Run Nextcloud cron.php every 5 minutes
[Timer]
OnBootSec=5min
OnUnitActiveSec=5min
Unit=nextcloudcron.service
[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Les parties importantes de lunité de minuterie sont <strong>OnBootSec</strong> et <strong>OnUnitActiveSec</strong>. <strong>OnBootSec</strong> démarre la minuterie 5 minutes après le démarrage, sinon vous devriez la démarrer manuellement après chaque démarrage. <strong>OnUnitActiveSec</strong> déclenchera une minuterie de 5 minutes après la dernière activation de lunité de service.</p>
<p>Maintenant, tout ce qui reste à faire est de démarrer et dactiver le minuteur en exécutant cette commande :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl enable --now nextcloudcron.timer
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Lorsque loption <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">--now</code> est utilisée avec enable, lunité respective sera également démarrée.</p>
<p class="info">Note : Il nest pas obligatoire de sélectionner loption Cron dans le menu dadministration pour les travaux en arrière-plan, car une fois que cron.php est exécuté à partir de la ligne de commande ou du service cron, il sera automatiquement réglé sur Cron.<br />
<img src="/images/cloud_xoyaz_xyz06.png" alt="" width="600" /></p>
<p>Vérifier</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl list-timers
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>NEXT LEFT LAST PASSED UNIT ACTIVATES
Thu 2021-09-23 21:59:15 CEST 3min 45s left Thu 2021-09-23 21:54:15 CEST 1min 14s ago nextcloudcron.timer nextcloudcron.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Nouveau mot de passe utilisateur en ligne de commande</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>php occ user:resetpassword NOM_UTILISATEUR
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Exemple, changer le mot de passe administrateur</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>php occ user:resetpassword admin
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Base de données MariaDB</strong><br />
Edition du fichier mysql.cnf</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>section mysqld</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[mysqld]
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
innodb_io_capacity=4000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
binlog_format = ROW
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Redémarrer MariaDB</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl restart mariadb.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Configuration de Redis</strong><br />
Source : <a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/19/admin_manual/configuration_server/caching_configuration.html">Documentation Nextcloud Redis</a><br />
Ajout de lutilisateur nextcloud au groupe redis</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo usermod -a -G redis nextcloud
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Configuration du fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">redis.conf</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
sed -i -e "s/^#* *port +*.*$/port 0/g" /etc/redis/redis.conf
sed -i -e "s/^#* *unixsocket +*.*$/unixsocket \/var\/run\/redis\/redis-server.sock/g" /etc/redis/redis.conf
sed -i -e "s/^#* *unixsocketperm+*.*$/unixsocketperm 770/g" /etc/redis/redis.conf
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérification</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>cat /etc/redis/redis.conf | egrep "^#*port +|^#* *unixsocket +|^#* *unixsocketperm +"
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>port 0
unixsocket /var/run/redis/redis-server.sock
unixsocketperm 770
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Redémarrage de Redis</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl restart redis-server.service
ps ax | grep redis
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> 8111 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:0
8120 pts/0 R+ 0:00 grep redis
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>File Locking et Memory Cache</strong><br />
Source : <a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/15/admin_manual/configuration_files/files_locking_transactional.html">File Locking</a> et <a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/19/admin_manual/configuration_server/caching_configuration.html">Memory Caching</a></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
cd /var/www/nextcloud
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Configuration avec la commande occ:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Activation de filelocking
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set filelocking.enabled --value="true"
# Configuration du Redis
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set redis host --value="/var/run/redis/redis-server.sock"
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set redis port --value="0"
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set redis timeout --value="0.0"
# Configuration de memcache.distributed (à effectuer après la configuration de Redis)
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set memcache.distributed --value="\OC\Memcache\Redis"
# Configuration de memcache.local et memcache.locking
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set memcache.local --value="\OC\Memcache\APCu"
sudo -u nextcloud php /var/www/nextcloud/occ config:system:set memcache.locking --value="\OC\Memcache\Redis"
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>En cas derreur</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>An unhandled exception has been thrown:
OC\HintException: [0]: Memcache \OC\Memcache\APCu not available for local cache (Is the matching PHP module installed and enabled?)
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Il faut ajouter <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">apc.enable_cli=1</code> au fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/etc/php/8.0/mods-available/apcu.ini</code> puis relancer le service</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>extension=apcu.so
apc.enable_cli=1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Redémarrage nginx fpm :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl restart php8.0-fpm.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérification :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>cat /var/www/nextcloud/config/config.php | egrep "'filelocking\.enabled|'memcache\.local|'memcache\.locking|'host|'port|'timeout|'memcache\.distributed"
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> 'filelocking.enabled' =&gt; 'true',
'memcache.local' =&gt; '\\OC\\Memcache\\APCu',
'memcache.distributed' =&gt; '\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis',
'memcache.locking' =&gt; '\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis',
'host' =&gt; '/var/run/redis/redis-server.sock',
'port' =&gt; '0',
'timeout' =&gt; '0.0',
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Redémarrage nginx fpm :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl restart php8.0-fpm.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_database/linux_database_configuration.html#configuring-a-mysql-or-mariadb-database">Configuring a MySQL or MariaDB database</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/installation/server_tuning.html#enable-php-opcache">Enable PHP OPcache</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_server/caching_configuration.html">Memory Caching</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_files/big_file_upload_configuration.html">uploading big files &gt; 512MB</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="mise-à-niveau-manuelle">Mise à niveau manuelle</h3>
<p>Commencez toujours par faire une nouvelle sauvegarde et désactivez toutes les applications tierces.</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Sauvegardez votre base de données Nextcloud Server existante, le répertoire de données et le fichier config.php. (Voir Sauvegarde, pour les informations de restauration voir Restauration de la sauvegarde)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Téléchargez et décompressez la dernière version du serveur Nextcloud (fichier darchive) depuis nextcloud.com/install/ dans un répertoire vide en dehors de votre installation actuelle.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Note
Pour décompresser votre nouvelle archive, exécutez : unzip nextcloud-[version].zip ou tar -xjf nextcloud-[version].tar.bz2
</code></pre></div></div>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Arrêtez votre serveur Web.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Si vous exécutez une tâche cron pour lentretien de nextcloud, désactivez-la en commentant lentrée dans le fichier crontab</p>
<p>crontab -u www-data -e</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>(Mettez un # au début de la ligne correspondante).
</code></pre></div></div>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Renommez votre répertoire Nextcloud actuel, par exemple nextcloud-old.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>La décompression de la nouvelle archive crée un nouveau répertoire nextcloud peuplé de vos nouveaux fichiers de serveur. Déplacez ce répertoire et son contenu vers lemplacement original de votre ancien serveur. Par exemple <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/</code>, de sorte que vous ayez à nouveau <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/var/www/nextcloud</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Copiez le fichier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">config/config.php</code> de votre ancien répertoire Nextcloud vers votre nouveau répertoire Nextcloud.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Si vous gardez votre répertoire <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">data/</code> dans votre répertoire <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloud/</code>, copiez-le de votre ancienne version de Nextcloud vers votre nouveau <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloud/</code>. Si vous le conservez en dehors de <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloud/</code>, vous navez rien à faire avec lui, car son emplacement est configuré dans votre config.php original, et aucune des étapes de mise à niveau ne le touche.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Si vous utilisez une application tierce, il se peut quelle ne soit pas toujours disponible dans votre instance Nextcloud mise à niveau/nouvelle. Pour vérifier cela, comparez une liste des applications dans le nouveau dossier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloud/apps/</code> à une liste des applications dans votre ancien dossier <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nextcloud/apps/</code> sauvegardé. Si vous trouvez des applications tierces dans lancien dossier qui doivent être dans la nouvelle instance/mise à niveau, copiez-les simplement et assurez-vous que les autorisations sont configurées comme indiqué ci-dessous.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Si vous utilisez un thème tiers, assurez-vous de le copier de votre répertoire <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">themes/</code> vers votre nouveau répertoire. Il est possible que vous ayez à le modifier après la mise à niveau.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Ajustez la propriété et les permissions des fichiers :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chown -R www-data:www-data nextcloud
find nextcloud/ -type d -exec chmod 750 {} \ ;
find nextcloud/ -type f -exec chmod 640 {} \ ;
</code></pre></div> </div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Redémarrez votre serveur Web.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Maintenant, lancez la mise à niveau depuis la ligne de commande en utilisant occ, comme cet exemple sur Ubuntu Linux :</p>
<p>sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>( !) cette commande DOIT être exécutée à partir du répertoire d'installation de nextcloud.
</code></pre></div></div>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Lopération de mise à niveau prend quelques minutes à quelques heures, en fonction de la taille de votre installation. Lorsquelle est terminée, vous verrez un message de réussite ou un message derreur qui vous indiquera où la mise à niveau a échoué.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Réactivez le cron-job nextcloud. (Voir létape 4 ci-dessus).</p>
<p>crontab -u www-data -e</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>(Supprimez le # au début de la ligne correspondante dans le fichier crontab).
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Connectez-vous et jetez un coup doeil au bas de votre page dadministration pour vérifier le numéro de version. Vérifiez vos autres paramètres pour vous assurer quils sont corrects. Allez sur la page Apps et vérifiez les applications principales pour vous assurer que les bonnes sont activées. Réactivez vos applications tierces.</p>
<h3 id="sauvegarde-de-nextcloud">Sauvegarde de Nextcloud</h3>
<p>Source : <a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/maintenance/backup.html">Nextcloud Backup</a></p>
<h4 id="création-des-répertoires-de-sauvegarde">Création des répertoires de sauvegarde</h4>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Fichiers
mkdir -p /backups/nextcloud/files
# Base de données
mkdir -p /backups/nextcloud/database
# Permissions
chmod -R o-rwx /backups/
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="activation-mode-maintenance">Activation mode Maintenance</h4>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Activation
sudo -u www-data php /var/www/nextcloud/occ maintenance:mode --on
# Vérification
sudo -u www-data php /var/www/nextcloud/occ maintenance:mode
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="sauvegarde-des-fichiers">Sauvegarde des fichiers</h4>
<p>dans un répertoire /backups/nextcloud/</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Sauf répertoire data et corbeille
rsync -Aavx /var/www/nextcloud/ \
/backups/nextcloud/files/nextcloud-backup_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`/ \
--exclude={'data/*','*/files_trashbin/files/*'}
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le répertoire de sauvegarde sera /backups/nextcloud/files/nextcloud-backup_20201010_153025/ pour une sauvegarde effectuée le 10 Octobre 2020 à 15:30:25.</p>
<p>Important : Si vous souhaitez tout de même sauvegarder le répertoire data et la corbeille, il faudra supprimer le paramètre exclude.</p>
<h4 id="sauvegarde-base-de-données-mysqlmariadb">Sauvegarde base de données MySQL/MariaDB</h4>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mysqldump --single-transaction -h localhost -u nextcloud -pVotreMotDePasse nextcloud &gt; \
/backups/nextcloud/database/nextcloud-sqlbkp_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`.bak
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>-h : nom ou IP du serveur de base de données<br />
-u : utilisateur de la base de données<br />
-p : mot de passe de lutilisateur</p>
<p>Attention :</p>
<p> Pas despace entre -p et le mot de passe
Remplacer VotreMotDePasse par le mot de passe de lutilisateur.</p>
<h4 id="désactivation-mode-maintenance">Désactivation mode Maintenance</h4>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Désactivation
sudo -u www-data php /var/www/nextcloud/occ maintenance:mode --off
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="exemple-de-script-de-sauvegarde">Exemple de script de sauvegarde</h4>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="c"># Path</span>
<span class="nv">nextcloudPath</span><span class="o">=</span>/var/www/nextcloud/
<span class="nv">occPath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$nextcloudPath</span><span class="se">\o</span>cc
<span class="nv">sourcePath</span><span class="o">=</span>/var/www/nextcloud/
<span class="nv">mainDestinationPath</span><span class="o">=</span>/backups/nextcloud/<span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +<span class="s2">"%Y/%m"</span><span class="sb">`</span>/
<span class="nv">filesDestinationPath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$mainDestinationPath</span><span class="se">\f</span>iles/
<span class="nv">databaseDestinationPath</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$mainDestinationPath</span><span class="se">\d</span>atabase/
<span class="c"># Database</span>
<span class="nv">dbhost</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> <span class="nv">$nextcloudPath</span><span class="se">\c</span>onfig/config.php | egrep <span class="s2">"dbhost"</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/^.*\=&gt; *'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">'//'</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">',.*$//'</span><span class="si">)</span>
<span class="nv">dbname</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> <span class="nv">$nextcloudPath</span><span class="se">\c</span>onfig/config.php | egrep <span class="s2">"dbname"</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/^.*\=&gt; *'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">'//'</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">',.*$//'</span><span class="si">)</span>
<span class="nv">dbuser</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> <span class="nv">$nextcloudPath</span><span class="se">\c</span>onfig/config.php | egrep <span class="s2">"dbuser"</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/^.*\=&gt; *'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">'//'</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">',.*$//'</span><span class="si">)</span>
<span class="nv">dbpassword</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> <span class="nv">$nextcloudPath</span><span class="se">\c</span>onfig/config.php | egrep <span class="s2">"dbpassword"</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/^.*\=&gt; *'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">'//'</span> | <span class="nb">sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/'</span><span class="se">\'</span><span class="s1">',.*$//'</span><span class="si">)</span>
<span class="c"># Verbose</span>
<span class="nv">cyan</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'\e[1;36m'</span>
<span class="nv">white</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'\e[1;37m'</span>
<span class="nv">neutral</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'\e[0;m'</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nt">-e</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">cyan</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">dbhost : </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">white</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="nv">$dbhost</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">neutral</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nt">-e</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">cyan</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">dbname : </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">white</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="nv">$dbname</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">neutral</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nt">-e</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">cyan</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">dbuser : </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">white</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="nv">$dbuser</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">neutral</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="c">#echo -e "${cyan}dbpassword : ${white}$dbpassword${neutral}"</span>
<span class="nb">read</span> <span class="nt">-t</span> 10 <span class="nt">-p</span> <span class="s2">"The backup will start after 10 seconds"</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">true</span>
<span class="c"># Destinations creation</span>
<span class="nb">mkdir</span> <span class="nt">-p</span> <span class="nv">$filesDestinationPath</span>
<span class="nb">mkdir</span> <span class="nt">-p</span> <span class="nv">$databaseDestinationPath</span>
<span class="nb">chmod</span> <span class="nt">-R</span> o-rwx /backups/
<span class="c"># Maintenance mode activation</span>
<span class="nb">sudo</span> <span class="nt">-u</span> www-data php <span class="nv">$occPath</span> maintenance:mode <span class="nt">--on</span>
<span class="c"># Database backup</span>
mysqldump <span class="nt">--single-transaction</span> <span class="nt">-h</span> <span class="nv">$dbhost</span> <span class="nt">-u</span> <span class="nv">$dbuser</span> <span class="nt">-p</span><span class="nv">$dbpassword</span> <span class="nv">$dbname</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$databaseDestinationPath</span><span class="se">\n</span>extcloud-sqlbkp_<span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +<span class="s2">"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"</span><span class="sb">`</span>.bak
<span class="c"># Files backup</span>
rsync <span class="nt">-Aavx</span> <span class="nv">$sourcePath</span> <span class="nv">$filesDestinationPath</span><span class="se">\n</span>extcloud-backup_<span class="sb">`</span><span class="nb">date</span> +<span class="s2">"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"</span><span class="sb">`</span>/ <span class="nt">--exclude</span><span class="o">={</span><span class="s1">'data/*'</span>,<span class="s1">'*/files_trashbin/files/*'</span><span class="o">}</span>
<span class="c">#rsync -Aavx $sourcePath $filesDestinationPath\nextcloud-backup_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`/</span>
<span class="c"># Maintenance mode deactivation</span>
<span class="nb">sudo</span> <span class="nt">-u</span> www-data php <span class="nv">$occPath</span> maintenance:mode <span class="nt">--off</span>
<span class="nb">exit </span>0
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Exemple de restauration : <a href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/maintenance/restore.html?highlight=restore">Nextcloud Restoring backup</a></p>
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if (!validateParams(params)) {
throw new Error('-- OptionsValidator: required options missing')
}
if (!(this instanceof OptionsValidator)) {
return new OptionsValidator(params)
}
const requiredOptions = params.required
this.getRequiredOptions = function () {
return requiredOptions
}
this.validate = function (parameters) {
const errors = []
requiredOptions.forEach(function (requiredOptionName) {
if (typeof parameters[requiredOptionName] === 'undefined') {
errors.push(requiredOptionName)
}
})
return errors
}
function validateParams (params) {
if (!params) {
return false
}
return typeof params.required !== 'undefined' && params.required instanceof Array
}
}
'use strict'
var _$utils_9 = {
merge: merge,
isJSON: isJSON
}
function merge (defaultParams, mergeParams) {
const mergedOptions = {}
for (const option in defaultParams) {
mergedOptions[option] = defaultParams[option]
if (typeof mergeParams[option] !== 'undefined') {
mergedOptions[option] = mergeParams[option]
}
}
return mergedOptions
}
function isJSON (json) {
try {
if (json instanceof Object && JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(json))) {
return true
}
return false
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
var _$src_8 = {};
(function (window) {
'use strict'
let options = {
searchInput: null,
resultsContainer: null,
json: [],
success: Function.prototype,
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}" title="{desc}">{title}</a></li>',
templateMiddleware: Function.prototype,
sortMiddleware: function () {
return 0
},
noResultsText: 'No results found',
limit: 10,
fuzzy: false,
debounceTime: null,
exclude: []
}
let debounceTimerHandle
const debounce = function (func, delayMillis) {
if (delayMillis) {
clearTimeout(debounceTimerHandle)
debounceTimerHandle = setTimeout(func, delayMillis)
} else {
func.call()
}
}
const requiredOptions = ['searchInput', 'resultsContainer', 'json']
/* removed: const _$Templater_7 = require('./Templater') */;
/* removed: const _$Repository_4 = require('./Repository') */;
/* removed: const _$JSONLoader_2 = require('./JSONLoader') */;
const optionsValidator = _$OptionsValidator_3({
required: requiredOptions
})
/* removed: const _$utils_9 = require('./utils') */;
window.SimpleJekyllSearch = function (_options) {
const errors = optionsValidator.validate(_options)
if (errors.length > 0) {
throwError('You must specify the following required options: ' + requiredOptions)
}
options = _$utils_9.merge(options, _options)
_$Templater_7.setOptions({
template: options.searchResultTemplate,
middleware: options.templateMiddleware
})
_$Repository_4.setOptions({
fuzzy: options.fuzzy,
limit: options.limit,
sort: options.sortMiddleware,
exclude: options.exclude
})
if (_$utils_9.isJSON(options.json)) {
initWithJSON(options.json)
} else {
initWithURL(options.json)
}
const rv = {
search: search
}
typeof options.success === 'function' && options.success.call(rv)
return rv
}
function initWithJSON (json) {
_$Repository_4.put(json)
registerInput()
}
function initWithURL (url) {
_$JSONLoader_2.load(url, function (err, json) {
if (err) {
throwError('failed to get JSON (' + url + ')')
}
initWithJSON(json)
})
}
function emptyResultsContainer () {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''
}
function appendToResultsContainer (text) {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML += text
}
function registerInput () {
options.searchInput.addEventListener('input', function (e) {
if (isWhitelistedKey(e.which)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
debounce(function () { search(e.target.value) }, options.debounceTime)
}
})
}
function search (query) {
if (isValidQuery(query)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
render(_$Repository_4.search(query), query)
}
}
function render (results, query) {
const len = results.length
if (len === 0) {
return appendToResultsContainer(options.noResultsText)
}
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
results[i].query = query
appendToResultsContainer(_$Templater_7.compile(results[i]))
}
}
function isValidQuery (query) {
return query && query.length > 0
}
function isWhitelistedKey (key) {
return [13, 16, 20, 37, 38, 39, 40, 91].indexOf(key) === -1
}
function throwError (message) {
throw new Error('SimpleJekyllSearch --- ' + message)
}
})(window)
}());
</script>
<!-- Configuration -->
<script>
SimpleJekyllSearch({
searchInput: document.getElementById('search-input'),
resultsContainer: document.getElementById('results-container'),
noResultsText: '<p>Aucun résultat!</p>',
json: '/search.json',
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}">{date}&nbsp;{title}</a>&nbsp;(Création {create})</li>'
})
</script>
</div></div>
<script>(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function scrollToAnchor(anchor, duration, callback) {
var $root = this;
$root.animate({ scrollTop: $(anchor).position().top }, duration, function() {
window.history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.href.split('#')[0] + anchor);
callback && callback();
});
}
$.fn.scrollToAnchor = scrollToAnchor;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function affix(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroll,
offsetBottom = 0, scrollTarget = window, scroll = window.document, disabled = false, isOverallScroller = true,
rootTop, rootLeft, rootHeight, scrollBottom, rootBottomTop,
hasInit = false, curState;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.offsetBottom && (offsetBottom = _options.offsetBottom);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroll && (scroll = _options.scroll);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
isOverallScroller = window.isOverallScroller($scrollTarget[0]);
$scroll = $(scroll);
}
function preCalc() {
top();
rootHeight = $root.outerHeight();
rootTop = $root.offset().top + (isOverallScroller ? 0 : $scrollTarget.scrollTop());
rootLeft = $root.offset().left;
}
function calc(needPreCalc) {
needPreCalc && preCalc();
scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
}
function top() {
if (curState !== 'top') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
});
curState = 'top';
}
}
function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
}
}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
});
curState = 'bottom';
}
}
function setState() {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop();
if (scrollTop >= rootTop && scrollTop <= scrollBottom) {
fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('<ul class="toc toc--ellipsis"></ul>'), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors && (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container && (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller && (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1) { return; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length; i++) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast && $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('<li></li>').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('<a></a>').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
</script><script>
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc && toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix && affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
</script><!---->
</div>
<script>(function () {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>