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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">lsyncd rsync inotify ,synchronisation dossier temps réel entre plusieurs serveurs</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="lsyncd rsync inotify ,synchronisation dossier temps réel entre plusieurs serveurs"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
<a class="button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style="color:#00FFFF" href="/archive.html?tag=inotify">inotify</a>
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">&nbsp;9&nbsp;août&nbsp;&nbsp;2020</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2020-08-09T00:00:00+02:00">
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<summary><b>Afficher/cacher Sommaire</b></summary>
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</details><h2 id="lsyncd">Lsyncd</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.keycdn.com/support/how-to-setup-lsyncd-over-ssh/">How to setup lsyncd over SSH</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-mirror-local-and-remote-directories-on-a-vps-with-lsyncd">How To Mirror Local and Remote Directories on a VPS with lsyncd</a></li>
<li><a href="https://mnt-tech.fr/blog/installation-et-configuration-de-lsyncd-sur-debian/">Installation et configuration de lsyncd sur Debian</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Lsyncd est un moyen de synchroniser automatiquement un répertoire local avec dautres machines. Les fichiers sur la machine locale sont surveillés pour les changements toutes les quelques secondes et si des changements sont notés, ils sont alors répliqués et synchronisés sur le(s) serveur(s) distant(s). Cette solution de synchronisation est facile à installer, légère et ne limite pas les performances du système de fichiers local.</p>
<p>Par défaut, Lsync utilise Rsync pour répliquer les fichiers de la machine locale et ne transférera que les fichiers qui ont été modifiés. Il existe dautres solutions sur le marché qui exécutent cette tâche, mais il sagit dune solution peu coûteuse et pratique pour synchroniser automatiquement les données, minimisant ainsi la perte de données et le temps passé à répliquer les fichiers dune machine à lautre.</p>
<p>Les 5 fonctions suivantes sont proposées :</p>
<ul>
<li>Vérifie ce qui doit être synchronisé de votre machine locale vers votre ou vos serveurs distants.</li>
<li>Contrôles sur le vice versa</li>
<li>Synchronisation de votre local vers votre distant</li>
<li>Syncs vice-versa</li>
<li>Peut éditer votre fichier “rsync includes”.</li>
</ul>
<p>Lutilisation de cette méthode vous permet de synchroniser en continu les données de votre machine locale vers la machine distante sans ajouter de stress supplémentaire sur le serveur.</p>
<h3 id="installation-lsyncd">Installation lsyncd</h3>
<p>Linstallation de Lsyncd sur votre serveur est un processus assez simple et facile. Utilisez les commandes suivantes pour linstaller sur votre système Debian ou Archlinux.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Archlinux</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>yaourt -S lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><em>Lexécution de ces commandes installera Lsyncd et inclura quelques exemples dans le répertoire <strong>/usr/share/doc/lsyncd/examples</strong>.Ces exemples peuvent être utilisés pour avoir une meilleure idée des configurations possibles lors de lutilisation de cette méthode de synchronisation.</em></p>
<p>Arrêt temporaire du service, pour la configuration</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl stop lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="mise-en-place-de-lenvironnement">Mise en place de lenvironnement</h3>
<p>Répertoire local : <strong>/srv/wikistatic/_site</strong><br />
La connexion SSH sur la machine distante se fait avec lutilisateur <strong>backupuser</strong> et un jeu de clé <strong>id_rsa</strong></p>
<h4 id="machine-distante">machine distante</h4>
<p>Création répertoire avec les droits utilisateur</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo mkdir /srv/dest
sudo chown backupuser.backupuser -R /srv/dest
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="machine-locale">machine locale</h4>
<p>Créer un répertoire de logs et quelques fichiers que <strong>lsyncd</strong> à utilisera</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo mkdir /var/log/lsyncd
sudo touch /var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log
sudo touch /var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd-status.log
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ensuite, nous pouvons créer le répertoire de configuration lsyncd</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo mkdir /etc/lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Créer un fichier de configuration à lintérieur de ce répertoire appelé “lsyncd.conf.lua”</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>settings {
logfile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log",
statusFile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd-status.log",
statusInterval = 20
}
sync {
default.rsync,
source="/srv/wikistatic/_site",
target="backupuser@193.70.43.101:/srv/dest",
rsync = {
archive = false,
acls = false,
compress = true,
links = false,
owner = false,
perms = false,
verbose = true,
rsh = "/usr/bin/ssh -p 55027 -i /home/backupuser/.ssh/id_rsa -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no"
}
}
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="utiliser-lsyncd">Utiliser lsyncd</h3>
<p>Lancer manuellement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>lsyncd /etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Lancer le service</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl start lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Statut</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo systemctl status lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>● lsyncd.service - LSB: lsyncd daemon init script
Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/lsyncd)
Active: active (running) since mer. 2018-04-25 21:14:51 CEST; 27s ago
Process: 9877 ExecStop=/etc/init.d/lsyncd stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 15464 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/lsyncd start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CGroup: /system.slice/lsyncd.service
├─15468 /usr/bin/lsyncd -pidfile /var/run/lsyncd.pid /etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua
├─15469 /usr/bin/rsync --delete --ignore-errors -vzst --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh -p 55027 -i /home/b...
└─15470 /usr/bin/ssh -p 55027 -i /home/backupuser/.ssh/id_rsa -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -l...
avril 25 21:14:51 yanspm.com lsyncd[15464]: Starting synchronization daemon: lsyncd.
avril 25 21:14:51 yanspm.com systemd[1]: Started LSB: lsyncd daemon init script.
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Vérifier lopération</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>cat /var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[...]
sent 15,851,575 bytes received 10,820 bytes 118,819.44 bytes/sec
total size is 21,886,154 speedup is 1.38
Wed Apr 25 21:17:04 2018 Normal: Startup of "/srv/wikistatic/_site/" finished.
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="lsyncd-rotation-des-logs">Lsyncd rotation des logs</h3>
<p>Rotation des logs chaque semaine ,on conserve les 4 dernières rotations</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /etc/logrotate.d/lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>/var/log/lsyncd/*.log {
weekly
rotate 4
delaycompress
compress
notifempty
missingok
}
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="configuration-dune-synchronisation-locale">Configuration dune synchronisation locale</h3>
<p>Donc, pour tester, essayons une synchronisation locale avec lsyncd.
Commençons par créer un «dossier source» contenant les fichiers à synchroniser.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ mkdir -p $HOME/unixmen/sync_source
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ensuite, nous allons créer un dossier de sauvegarde:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ mkdir $HOME/sync_backup
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Juste pour le test, remplissez le répertoire source avec des fichiers nuls, en utilisant la commande tactile :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>touch $HOME/unixmen/sync_source/unixmentest{1..10}0
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Maintenant, créez des fichiers de log et détat:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># mkdir /var/log/lsyncd
# touch /var/log/lsyncd.{log,status}
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le fichier de configuration continue /etc/lsyncd :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># mkdir /etc/lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ici, nous allons créer un nouveau fichier de configuration:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># nano /etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Où nous mettrons le code suivant:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>settings = {
logfile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log",
statusFile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.status"
}
sync {
default.rsync,
source = "$HOME/unixmen/sync_source/",
target = "$HOME/sync_backup",
}
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>En ce moment, si vous regardez dans le répertoire de sauvegarde, vous le trouverez vide, car le service nest pas en cours dexécution.
Mais, pour résoudre ce problème, redémarrez simplement lsyncd avec les éléments suivants:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># systemctl restart lsyncd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Il va commencer (et continuer) la synchronisation, même si vous ajoutez plus de fichiers sur sync_source. Cela fonctionne complètement en mode automatisé.</p>
<h2 id="linux-inotify-rsync">Linux inotify rsync</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://bartsimons.me/sync-folders-and-files-on-linux-with-rsync-and-inotify/">Article original : Sync folders and files on Linux with rsync and inotify</a></li>
<li><a href="http://kerlinux.org/2010/08/utilisation-de-inotifywait-dans-des-scripts-shell/">Utilisation de inotifywait dans des scripts Shell</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.casper-development.be/synchroniser-deux-serveur-en-temps-reel-avec-inotify-et-rsync/">Synchroniser deux serveurs en temps réel avec inotify et rsync</a></li>
<li><a href="https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/unison">Unison (doc ubuntu)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.responsive-mind.fr/unison-synchronisation-fichiers/">Synchronisation de fichiers bidirectionnelle avec Unison</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Vous avez deux clients et/ou serveurs ou plus. Ils contiennent des fichiers que vous voulez synchroniser automatiquement.<br />
Rsync + inotify (surveillance en temps réel de votre système de fichiers) sont la solution afin que vos fichiers puissent être synchronisés entre plusieurs machines.</p>
<h3 id="prérequis-sur-les-machines">Prérequis sur les machines</h3>
<ul>
<li>OpenSSH server</li>
<li>Rsync</li>
<li>Inotify</li>
</ul>
<p>Installer toutes les dépendances sur les serveurs</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt update &amp;&amp; apt -y install openssh-server rsync inotify-tools # debian
pacman -S openssh rsync inotify-tools # archlinux
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="inotifywait">inotifywait</h3>
<p>Aide</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>inotifywait --help
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>inotifywait 3.20.2.1
Attendre un événement particulier sur un fichier ou un ensemble de fichiers.
Utilisation: inotifywait <span class="o">[</span> options <span class="o">]</span> file1 <span class="o">[</span> file2 <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">[</span> file3 <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">[</span> ... <span class="o">]</span>
Options:
<span class="nt">-h</span>|--help Affiche ce texte d<span class="s1">'aide.
@&lt;file&gt; Exclude the specified file from being watched.
--exclude &lt;pattern&gt;
Exclure tous les événements sur les fichiers correspondant à
l'</span>expression régulière étendue &lt;modèle&gt;.
Seule la dernière option <span class="nt">--exclude</span> sera
pris en considération.
<span class="nt">--excludei</span> &lt;pattern&gt;
Comme <span class="nt">--exclure</span> mais insensible à la casse.
<span class="nt">--include</span> &lt;pattern&gt;
Exclure tous les événements figurant dans les dossiers, sauf ceux
correspondant à l<span class="s1">'expression régulière étendue
&lt;pattern&gt;.
--includei &lt;pattern&gt;
Comme --inclure mais sans tenir compte de la casse.
-m|--monitor ne pas stopper l'</span>exécution au premier évènement, poursuivre l<span class="s1">'écoute ou jusqu'</span>à ce que le <span class="nt">--timeout</span> expire.
Sans cette option, inotifywait s<span class="s1">'arrêtera après la réception d'</span>un événement.
<span class="nt">-d</span>|--daemon Identique à <span class="nt">--monitor</span>, sauf qu<span class="s1">'il est exécuté en arrière-plan
en enregistrant les événements dans un fichier spécifié par --outfile.
Implique --syslog
-r|--recursive observer également (récursivement) les sous-répertoires
--fromfile &lt;file&gt;
Lire les fichiers à surveiller à partir de &lt;file&gt; ou `-'</span> pour stdin.
<span class="nt">-o</span>|--outfile &lt;file&gt;
Imprimez les événements sur &lt;file&gt; plutôt que sur stdout.
<span class="nt">-s</span>|--syslog Envoyer les erreurs à syslog plutôt qu<span class="s1">'à stderr.
-q|--quiet Imprimez moins (n'</span>imprimez que les événements<span class="o">)</span><span class="nb">.</span>
<span class="nt">-qq</span> N<span class="s1">'imprime rien (pas même les événements).
--format &lt;fmt&gt; Imprimer en utilisant un format spécifié de type printf
chaîne de caractères (valeur par défaut : %w %,e %f)
%f : le fichier a l'</span>origine de l<span class="s1">'évènement
%e (équivalent à %,e) : liste des évènements interceptés
%Xe : même chose que e, avec X au lieu d'</span>une virgule, pour caractère de séparation entre chaque <span class="nb">type </span>d<span class="s1">'évènements simultanés
%w : le fichier sur lequel a été mis en place l'</span>observation
%T : les <span class="nb">date </span>et/ou heure de l<span class="s1">'évènement (implique l'</span>option <span class="nt">--timefmt</span><span class="o">)</span>
<span class="nt">--timefmt</span> &lt;<span class="nb">fmt</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> chaîne de format compatible strftime à utiliser avec
%T dans la chaîne de <span class="nt">--format</span><span class="nb">.</span>
<span class="nt">-c</span>|--csv Imprimer les événements au format CSV.
<span class="nt">-t</span>|--timeout &lt;seconds&gt;
Lors de l<span class="s1">'écoute d'</span>un seul événement, le temps mort après
attendre un événement pendant &lt;secondes&gt; secondes.
Si &lt;secondes&gt; est négatif, inotifywait ne s<span class="s1">'arrêtera jamais.
-e|--event &lt;event1&gt; [ -e|--event &lt;event2&gt; ... ]
Ecoutez les événements spécifiques. S'</span>ils sont omis, tous les événements sont
écouté.
Statut de sortie:
0 - Un événement que vous avez demandé à surveiller a été reçu.
1 - Un événement que vous n<span class="s1">'avez pas demandé à surveiller a été reçu
(généralement se supprimer ou se démonter), ou une erreur est survenue.
2 - L'</span>option <span class="nt">--timeout</span> a été donnée et aucun événement ne s<span class="s1">'est produit
dans l'</span>intervalle de temps spécifié.
Événements:
access le contenu <span class="nb">du </span>fichier d<span class="s1">'accès ou du répertoire a été lu
modify le contenu d'</span>un fichier ou d<span class="s1">'un répertoire a été écrit
attrib attributs des fichiers ou des répertoires ont été modifiés
close_write fichier ou répertoire fermé, après avoir été ouvert en
mode écriture
close_nowrite fermer le fichier ou le répertoire, quel que soit le mode de lecture/écriture
fichier ou répertoire ouvert
close fichier ou répertoire fermé, quel que soit le mode de lecture/écriture
open fichier ou répertoire ouvert
moved_to fichier ou répertoire déplacé vers le répertoire surveillé
moved_from fichier ou répertoire déplacé du répertoire surveillé
move fichier ou répertoire déplacé vers ou depuis le répertoire surveillé
move_self Un fichier ou un répertoire surveillé a été déplacé.
create fichier ou répertoire créé dans le répertoire surveillé
delete fichier ou répertoire supprimé dans le répertoire surveillé
delete_self un fichier ou répertoire supprimé
unmount système de fichiers contenant un fichier ou un répertoire non monté
</span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>Test sur toutes modifications dans le dossier <strong>$HOME/media/dplus/statique</strong></p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>inotifywait <span class="nt">-qrm</span> <span class="nt">--format</span> <span class="s2">"%w %:e %f %T"</span> <span class="nt">--timefmt</span> <span class="s2">"%T"</span> <span class="nv">$HOME</span>/media/dplus/statique | <span class="k">while </span><span class="nb">read </span>file<span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">do
</span><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nv">$file</span>
<span class="k">done</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Résulats</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="o">[</span>yannick@yannick-pc ~]<span class="nv">$ </span>inotifywait <span class="nt">-qrm</span> <span class="nt">--format</span> <span class="s2">"%w %:e %f %T"</span> <span class="nt">--timefmt</span> <span class="s2">"%T"</span> <span class="nv">$HOME</span>/media/dplus/statique | <span class="k">while </span><span class="nb">read </span>file<span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">do</span>
<span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nv">$file</span>
<span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="k">done</span>
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ MODIFY 2018-04-30-sync-inotify-synchro-temps-reel-entre-serveurs.md 10:04:46
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ OPEN 2018-04-30-sync-inotify-synchro-temps-reel-entre-serveurs.md 10:04:46
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ MODIFY 2018-04-30-sync-inotify-synchro-temps-reel-entre-serveurs.md 10:04:46
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ CLOSE_WRITE:CLOSE 2018-04-30-sync-inotify-synchro-temps-reel-entre-serveurs.md 10:04:46
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ MODIFY 2020-08-08-PC1-ArchLinux-XFCE-ASUS-H110M-A.md 10:05:19
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ OPEN 2020-08-08-PC1-ArchLinux-XFCE-ASUS-H110M-A.md 10:05:19
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ MODIFY 2020-08-08-PC1-ArchLinux-XFCE-ASUS-H110M-A.md 10:05:19
/home/yannick/media/dplus/statique/_posts/ CLOSE_WRITE:CLOSE 2020-08-08-PC1-ArchLinux-XFCE-ASUS-H110M-A.md 10:0
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Créons un dossier spécifique que nous voulons synchroniser</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mkdir /opt/syncfiles
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>écrire un script qui passe par une boucle infinie avec inotifywait dedans :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>#!/bin/bash
# Il est supposé s'exécuter sur rsync-host01, changer rsync-host02 en rsync-host01 pour créer un script qui est censé s'exécuter sur rsync-host02.
while true; do
inotifywait -r -e modify,attrib,close_write,move,create,delete /opt/syncfiles
rsync -avz -e "ssh -i /root/rsync-key -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no“ /opt/syncfiles/ root@rsync-host02:/opt/syncfiles/
done
</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>Si le port 22 nest pas celui par défaut, ajouter loption <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">-p N°Port</code> à la commande ssh</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Enregistrer ce script dans le répertoire /opt sous le nom <strong>file-sync.sh</strong></p>
<h3 id="service-systemd-syncservice">Service systemd sync.service</h3>
<p>Créer un fichier appelé <strong>sync.service</strong> qui peut sarrêter, démarrer et réinitialiser le script à la demande ou sur des événements spécifiques comme un démarrage du système dans le répertoire <em>/etc/systemd/systemd/system/system/</em> avec le contenu suivant</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[Unit]
Description = SyncService
After = network.target
[Service]
PIDFile = /run/syncservice/syncservice.pid
User = root
Group = root
WorkingDirectory = /opt
ExecStartPre = /bin/mkdir /run/syncservice
ExecStartPre = /bin/chown -R root:root /run/syncservice
ExecStart = /bin/bash /opt/file-sync.sh
ExecReload = /bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop = /bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
ExecStopPost = /bin/rm -rf /run/syncservice
PrivateTmp = true
[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Droits du fichier de service et recharger le démon systemd</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chmod 755 /etc/systemd/system/sync.service
systemctl daemon-reload
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Activer le service</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl enable sync.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Démarrer le service</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>systemctl start sync.service
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="utilisation-de-clés-pour-ssh">Utilisation de clés pour SSH</h3>
<p>Deux alternatives, lune (A) utilise SSH avec <strong>ACCES root</strong> et lautre (B) utilise SSH avec <strong>SANS ACCES root</strong></p>
<h4 id="a-utilisation-de-clés-pour-ssh-avec-acces-root">A-Utilisation de clés pour SSH avec ACCES root</h4>
<p>Et pour un transfert de fichiers sécurisé, nous voulons un lien public-privé pour le lien de transfert que rsync utilise</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/rsync-key -N ''
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Coller le résultat dans le fichier <strong>~/.ssh/.ssh/authorized_keys</strong> de vos serveurs de destination</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>cat ~/rsync-key.pub
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Retirer la clé publique pour des raisons de sécurité</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>rm ~/rsync-key.pub
</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>Copier le contenu de la clé publique <strong>rsync-key.pub</strong> dans tous les fichiers <strong>authorized_keys</strong> de vos serveurs de destination.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="b-utilisation-de-clés-pour-ssh-sans-acces-root">B-Utilisation de clés pour SSH SANS ACCES root</h4>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>A faire sur tous les serveurs distants</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p>Création utilisateur backupuser et dun jeu de clé ssh</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo adduser backupuser #mot de passe à saisir
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Cette commande va vous demander plusieurs informations et notamment un mot de passe à noter impérativement. Nhésitez pas à définir un mot de passe compliqué, denviron 16 caractères avec des chiffres, des lettres majuscule/minuscule et quelques caractères spéciaux car vous naurez à le taper réellement quune fois.</p>
<p>Création dossier .ssh</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo mkdir /home/backupuser/.ssh/
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Modifier les droits</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo chown backupuser. -R /home/backupuser/.ssh/
sudo chmod 644 -R /home/backupuser/.ssh/
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>On se connecte en backupuser</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo su backupuser
ssh-keygen -t rsa
chmo 400 id_rsa* #lecture seule pour utilisateur backupuser
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Edition fichier sudoers pour un accès root à lexécution de rsync</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>On donne à lutilisateur backupuser les droits dexécution en mode root de rsync<br />
Ajouter ligne suivante en fin du fichier <strong>/etc/sudoers</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo "backupuser ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/rsync" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
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scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
}
function top() {
if (curState !== 'top') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
});
curState = 'top';
}
}
function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
}
}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
});
curState = 'bottom';
}
}
function setState() {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop();
if (scrollTop >= rootTop && scrollTop <= scrollBottom) {
fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('<ul class="toc toc--ellipsis"></ul>'), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors && (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container && (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller && (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1) { return; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length; i++) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast && $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('<li></li>').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('<a></a>').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
</script><script>
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc && toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix && affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
</script><!---->
</div>
<script>(function () {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>