2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
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registerInput()
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< article itemscope itemtype = "http://schema.org/Article" > < div class = "article__header" > < header > < h1 style = "color:Tomato;" > VirtualBox - Virtualiser une installation physique d’ un système d’ exploitation< / h1 > < / header > < / div > < meta itemprop = "headline" content = "VirtualBox - Virtualiser une installation physique d’ un système d’ exploitation" > < div class = "article__info clearfix" > < ul class = "left-col menu" > < li >
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
< a class = "button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style = "color:#00FFFF" href = "/archive.html?tag=virtuel" > virtuel< / a >
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
< / li > < / ul > < ul class = "right-col menu" > < li >
< i class = "far fa-calendar-alt" > < / i > < span title = "Création" style = "color:#FF00FF" > 25 juin 2019< / span > < / li > < / ul > < / div > < meta itemprop = "datePublished" content = "2019-06-25T00:00:00+02:00" >
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< div class = "article__content" itemprop = "articleBody" > < details >
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<!-- affichage sommaire -->
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< / details > < p > < img src = "/images/Virtualbox_logo.png" alt = "image" width = "200px" / > < / p >
< h1 id = "virtualbox" > VirtualBox< / h1 >
< h2 id = "virtualiser-une-installation-physique-dun-système-dexploitation" > Virtualiser une installation physique d’ un système d’ exploitation< / h2 >
< p > Il existe deux variantes pour créer une VM à partir d’ une installation existante d’ un système d’ exploitation.< / p >
< p > < u > La première (A)< / u > , certainement la plus simple, permet de créer une VM qui démarre sur une installation physique de votre OS. Cette variante permet dès lors d’ utiliser le même système d’ exploitation soit en natif soit en VM.< br / >
< u > La seconde (B)< / u > fait une image de votre installation. La VM ainsi créée est indépendante de votre installation de base. Cette solution est plus portable et permet d’ avoir plusieurs VM issues d’ une même installation.< / p >
< h3 id = "a---démarrage-sur-disque-dur-physique" > A - Démarrage sur disque dur physique< / h3 >
< p > GNU/Linux< / p >
< ul >
< li > Identifier le disque à virtualiser : /dev/sdx (p. ex. /dev/sdb) , repérez le disque à l’ aide de la commande < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > cat /proc/partitions< / code > ou < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > sudo fdisk -l< / code > < / li >
< li >
< p > Créer votre disque virtuel en ligne de commande < br / >
< code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename ~/.VirtualBox/usb.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sdx< / code > < / p >
< / li >
< li > Démarrer VirtualBox et créez une nouvelle VM à laquelle vous attachez comme disque dur existant le fichier ‘ .vmdk’ généré au point précédent.< / li >
< / ul >
< p > Exemple: Virtualiser une clé USB multiboot< br / >
On va utiliser < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > dmesg< / code > immédiatement après insertion de la clé USB< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > ...
[36407.725393] sde: sde1 sde2
[36407.726437] sd 5:0:0:0: [sde] Attached SCSI removable disk
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< p > La clé est sous < em > /dev/sde< / em > < br / >
Création du disque virtuel< / p >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename /home/yannick/virtuel/Vbox/multibootUSB/multibootUSB.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sde
sudo chown $USER.users /srv/virtuel/Vbox/multibootUSB/multibootUSB.vmdk
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< h3 id = "b---virtualiser-une-installation" > B - Virtualiser une installation< / h3 >
< p > Pré-requis< / p >
< ul >
< li > Un LiveUSB GNU/Linux< / li >
< li > Un fichier ‘ .iso’ d’ une distribution GNU/Linux< / li >
< li > VirtualBox v.4.x< / li >
< li > GParted ou un autre outil permettant de redimensionner ou déplacer une partition< / li >
< li > De l’ espace disque en suffisance< / li >
< / ul >
< h4 id = "procédure" > Procédure< / h4 >
< p > Les différentes opérations présentées ci-après prennent du temps… beaucoup de temps! Je vous conseille dès lors de privilégier l’ exécution de chaque étapes de nuit ainsi vous aurez peut-être un résultat le matin au réveil !< / p >
< h4 id = "préparation" > Préparation< / h4 >
< ul >
< li > Windows
< ul >
< li > Afin que Windows retrouve son disque au démarrage, vous devez modifier la base de registre à l’ aide de l’ application < a href = "http://www.syl21.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Add_VBox_Hardware.zip" > Add_VBox_Hardware< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > LiveUSB
< ul >
< li > La procédure d’ installation qui suit utilise VirtualBox pour créer l’ image du disque à virtualiser. Il est donc nécessaire que ce dernier soit installé sur votre LiveUSB.< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< h4 id = "création-de-limage" > Création de l’ image< / h4 >
< ul >
< li > Identifiez le disque à virtualiser : /dev/sdx (p. ex. /dev/sdb), repérez le disque à l’ aide de la commande < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > cat /proc/partitions< / code > ou < code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > sudo fdisk -l< / code > < / li >
< li > Montez la partition sur laquelle vous désirez créer l’ image (p.ex /mnt/vmDest).< br / >
< strong > Attention< / strong > , vous devez disposer au minimum d’ un espace égal à la taille du disque à virtualiser car l’ opération suivante va créer une image un pour un du disque.< / li >
< li > Adaptez la commande suivante pour générer l’ image:< / li >
< / ul >
< div class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > sudo -s cat /dev/sdx | VBoxManage convertfromraw stdin /mnt/vmDest/image.vdi \
$(fdisk -l /dev/sdx | grep sdx: | cut -d" " -f5)
< / code > < / pre > < / div > < / div >
< ul >
< li > Une fois l’ image créée nous allons modifez ses droits:< br / >
< code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > sudo chown $UID:vboxusers /mnt/vmDest/image.vdi< / code > < / li >
< li > Votre image est prête, vous pouvez l’ assigner à une nouvelle VM et la démarrer.< / li >
< / ul >
< h4 id = "compression-de-limage" > Compression de l’ image< / h4 >
< p > Bien que parfaitement fonctionnelle, cette VM prend probablement beaucoup de place! Les étapes qui suivent expliquent comment réduire sa taille.< / p >
< ul >
< li > Démarrez VirtualBox et sélectionnez la machine virtuelle utilisée pour démarrer l’ image générée précédemment< / li >
< li > Cliquez sur Configuration puis Stockage< / li >
< li > Sous Contrôleur IDE cliquez sur le bouton Ajouter lecteur CD/DVD puis Choisir un disque et sélectionnez l’ image iso de votre distribution GNU/Linux< / li >
< li > Lancez votre machine virtuelle. Celle-ci devrait démarrer comme si vous aviez un LiveCD.< / li >
< li > Exécutez GParted (ou un autre outil) et réduisez la taille des partitions de la VM à une taille “raisonnable”< / li >
< li > Arrêtez la machine virtuelle et compressez l’ image avec la commande:< br / >
< code class = "language-plaintext highlighter-rouge" > VBoxManage modifyhf /mnt/vmDest/image.vdi --compact< / code > < / li >
< / ul >
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const mergedOptions = {}
for (const option in defaultParams) {
mergedOptions[option] = defaultParams[option]
if (typeof mergeParams[option] !== 'undefined') {
mergedOptions[option] = mergeParams[option]
}
}
return mergedOptions
}
function isJSON (json) {
try {
if (json instanceof Object & & JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(json))) {
return true
}
return false
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
var _$src_8 = {};
(function (window) {
'use strict'
let options = {
searchInput: null,
resultsContainer: null,
json: [],
success: Function.prototype,
searchResultTemplate: '< li > < a href = "{url}" title = "{desc}" > {title}< / a > < / li > ',
templateMiddleware: Function.prototype,
sortMiddleware: function () {
return 0
},
noResultsText: 'No results found',
limit: 10,
fuzzy: false,
debounceTime: null,
exclude: []
}
let debounceTimerHandle
const debounce = function (func, delayMillis) {
if (delayMillis) {
clearTimeout(debounceTimerHandle)
debounceTimerHandle = setTimeout(func, delayMillis)
} else {
func.call()
}
}
const requiredOptions = ['searchInput', 'resultsContainer', 'json']
/* removed: const _$Templater_7 = require('./Templater') */;
/* removed: const _$Repository_4 = require('./Repository') */;
/* removed: const _$JSONLoader_2 = require('./JSONLoader') */;
const optionsValidator = _$OptionsValidator_3({
required: requiredOptions
})
/* removed: const _$utils_9 = require('./utils') */;
window.SimpleJekyllSearch = function (_options) {
const errors = optionsValidator.validate(_options)
if (errors.length > 0) {
throwError('You must specify the following required options: ' + requiredOptions)
}
options = _$utils_9.merge(options, _options)
_$Templater_7.setOptions({
template: options.searchResultTemplate,
middleware: options.templateMiddleware
})
_$Repository_4.setOptions({
fuzzy: options.fuzzy,
limit: options.limit,
sort: options.sortMiddleware,
exclude: options.exclude
})
if (_$utils_9.isJSON(options.json)) {
initWithJSON(options.json)
} else {
initWithURL(options.json)
}
const rv = {
search: search
}
typeof options.success === 'function' & & options.success.call(rv)
return rv
}
function initWithJSON (json) {
_$Repository_4.put(json)
registerInput()
}
function initWithURL (url) {
_$JSONLoader_2.load(url, function (err, json) {
if (err) {
throwError('failed to get JSON (' + url + ')')
}
initWithJSON(json)
})
}
function emptyResultsContainer () {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''
}
function appendToResultsContainer (text) {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML += text
}
function registerInput () {
options.searchInput.addEventListener('input', function (e) {
if (isWhitelistedKey(e.which)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
debounce(function () { search(e.target.value) }, options.debounceTime)
}
})
}
function search (query) {
if (isValidQuery(query)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
render(_$Repository_4.search(query), query)
}
}
function render (results, query) {
const len = results.length
if (len === 0) {
return appendToResultsContainer(options.noResultsText)
}
for (let i = 0; i < len ; i + + ) {
results[i].query = query
appendToResultsContainer(_$Templater_7.compile(results[i]))
}
}
function isValidQuery (query) {
return query & & query.length > 0
}
function isWhitelistedKey (key) {
return [13, 16, 20, 37, 38, 39, 40, 91].indexOf(key) === -1
}
function throwError (message) {
throw new Error('SimpleJekyllSearch --- ' + message)
}
})(window)
}());
< / script >
<!-- Configuration -->
< script >
SimpleJekyllSearch({
searchInput: document.getElementById('search-input'),
resultsContainer: document.getElementById('results-container'),
noResultsText: '< p > Aucun résultat!< / p > ',
json: '/search.json',
searchResultTemplate: '< li > < a href = "{url}" > {date} {title}< / a > (Création {create})< / li > '
})
< / script >
< / div > < / div >
< script > ( f u n c t i o n ( ) {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function scrollToAnchor(anchor, duration, callback) {
var $root = this;
$root.animate({ scrollTop: $(anchor).position().top }, duration, function() {
window.history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.href.split('#')[0] + anchor);
callback & & callback();
});
}
$.fn.scrollToAnchor = scrollToAnchor;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function affix(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroll,
offsetBottom = 0, scrollTarget = window, scroll = window.document, disabled = false, isOverallScroller = true,
rootTop, rootLeft, rootHeight, scrollBottom, rootBottomTop,
hasInit = false, curState;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.offsetBottom & & (offsetBottom = _options.offsetBottom);
_options.scrollTarget & & (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroll & & (scroll = _options.scroll);
_options.disabled !== undefined & & (disabled = _options.disabled);
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
isOverallScroller = window.isOverallScroller($scrollTarget[0]);
$scroll = $(scroll);
}
function preCalc() {
top();
rootHeight = $root.outerHeight();
rootTop = $root.offset().top + (isOverallScroller ? 0 : $scrollTarget.scrollTop());
rootLeft = $root.offset().left;
}
function calc(needPreCalc) {
needPreCalc & & preCalc();
scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
}
function top() {
if (curState !== 'top') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
});
curState = 'top';
}
}
function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
}
}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
});
curState = 'bottom';
}
}
function setState() {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop();
if (scrollTop >= rootTop & & scrollTop < = scrollBottom) {
fixed();
} else if (scrollTop < rootTop ) {
top();
} else {
bottom();
}
}
function init() {
if(!hasInit) {
var interval, timeout;
calc(true); setState();
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
});
$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
});
hasInit = true;
}
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions,
refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
}
};
}
$.fn.affix = affix;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('< ul class = "toc toc--ellipsis" > < / ul > '), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
selectors = 'h1,h2,h3', container = 'body', scrollTarget = window, scroller = 'html, body', disabled = false,
headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
function setOptions(options) {
var _options = options || {};
_options.selectors & & (selectors = _options.selectors);
_options.container & & (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget & & (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller & & (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined & & (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
}
function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
});
}
function setState(element, disabled) {
var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1 ) { return ; }
if (element) {
$activeCur = element;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length ; i + + ) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast & & $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('< li > < / li > ').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('< a > < / a > ').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
< / script > < script >
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc & & toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix & & affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
< / script > <!-- -->
< / div >
< script > ( f u n c t i o n ( ) {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
}
})();
< / script >
< / body >
< / html >