yannstatic/static/2018/08/11/OVH4-KVM-vps506197-Yunohost3.0-yanfi.net.html

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<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="article__header"><header><h1 style="color:Tomato;">OVH VPS506197 Yunohost yanfi.net</h1></header></div><meta itemprop="headline" content="OVH VPS506197 Yunohost yanfi.net"><div class="article__info clearfix"><ul class="left-col menu"><li>
2024-11-08 14:10:33 +01:00
<a class="button button--secondary button--pill button--sm" style="color:#00FFFF" href="/archive.html?tag=yunohost">yunohost</a>
2024-10-31 20:18:37 +01:00
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<i class="far fa-calendar-alt"></i>&nbsp;<span title="Création" style="color:#FF00FF">11&nbsp;août&nbsp;&nbsp;2018</span>
<span title="Modification" style="color:#00FF7F">14&nbsp;janv.&nbsp;2019</span></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-01-14T00:00:00+01:00">
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<summary><b>Afficher/cacher Sommaire</b></summary>
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</details><h2 id="kvm-debian-jessie-64">KVM Debian jessie 64</h2>
<p>KVM OpenStack<br />
1 vCore(s)<br />
2,4 GHz<br />
4 Go de RAM<br />
20 Go SSD<br />
Local RAID 10<br />
Selected Location: Strasbourg<br />
Debian jessie 64<br />
Livraison : vps506197</p>
<ul>
<li>IPv4 du serveur : 164.132.104.145</li>
<li>IPv6 du serveur : 2001:41d0:0401:3200:0000:0000:0000:06e7</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="première-connexion-ssh">Première connexion SSH</h3>
<p>Via SSH<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ssh root@164.132.104.145</code><br />
Màj<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">apt update &amp;&amp; apt upgrade</code></p>
<h3 id="locales">Locales</h3>
<p>Locales : <strong>fr_FR.UTF-8</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>dpkg-reconfigure locales
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Generating locales (this might take a while)...
fr_FR.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="timezone">TimeZone</h3>
<p>Europe/Paris</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Current default time zone: 'Europe/Paris'
Local time is now: Sun Jan 21 08:26:54 CET 2018.
Universal Time is now: Sun Jan 21 07:26:54 UTC 2018.
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="création-utilisateur">Création utilisateur</h3>
<p>Utilisateur <strong>jessie</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>useradd -m -d /home/jessie/ -s /bin/bash jessie
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Mot de passe <strong>jessie</strong> et root</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>passwd jessie
passwd root
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Visudo pour les accès root via utilisateur <strong>jessie</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt install sudo
echo "jessie ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Déconnexion puis connexion ssh en mode utilisateur<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ssh jessie@164.132.104.145</code></p>
<h3 id="dns-ovh">DNS OVH</h3>
<p>Configuration des champs DNS domaine <strong>yanfi.net</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$TTL 3600
@ IN SOA dns110.ovh.net. tech.ovh.net. (2017123100 86400 3600 3600000 300)
IN NS ns110.ovh.net.
IN NS dns110.ovh.net.
IN A 164.132.104.145
IN AAAA 2001:41d0:401:3200::6e7
* IN CNAME yanfi.net.
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="ssh">SSH</h3>
<p><strong>connexion avec clé</strong><br />
<u>sur l'ordinateur de bureau</u>
Générer une paire de clé curve25519-sha256 (ECDH avec Curve25519 et SHA2) nommé <strong>ovh-vps506197</strong> pour une liaison SSH avec le serveur KVM.<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -o -a 100 -f ~/.ssh/ovh-vps506197</code><br />
Envoyer la clé publique sur le serveur KVM <br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">scp ~/.ssh/ovh-vps506197.pub jessie@164.132.104.145:/home/jessie/</code></p>
<p><u>sur le serveur KVM</u>
On se connecte<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ssh jessie@164.132.104.145</code><br />
Copier le contenu de la clé publique dans /home/$USER/.ssh/authorized_keys<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">$ cd ~</code><br />
Sur le KVM ,créer un dossier .ssh</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>pwd #pour vérifier que l'on est sous /home/$USER
mkdir .ssh
cat /home/$USER/ovh-vps506197.pub &gt;&gt; /home/$USER/.ssh/authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>et donner les droits<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">chmod 600 /home/$USER/.ssh/authorized_keys</code><br />
effacer le fichier de la clé<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">rm /home/$USER/ovh-vps506197.pub</code><br />
Modifier la configuration serveur SSH<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config</code><br />
Modifier</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Port = 55030
PermitRootLogin no
PasswordAuthentication no
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><u>session SSH ne se termine pas correctement lors d'un "reboot" à distance</u><br />
Si vous tentez de <strong>redémarrer/éteindre</strong> une machine distance par <strong>ssh</strong>, vous pourriez constater que votre session ne se termine pas correctement, vous laissant avec un terminal inactif jusquà lexpiration dun long délai dinactivité. Il existe un bogue 751636 à ce sujet. Pour linstant, la solution de contournement à ce problème est dinstaller :<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo apt install libpam-systemd</code><br />
cela terminera la session ssh avant que le réseau ne tombe.<br />
Veuillez noter quil est nécessaire que PAM soit activé dans sshd.</p>
<p>Relancer openSSH<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo systemctl restart sshd</code></p>
<p>Accès depuis le poste distant avec la clé privée<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">$ ssh -p 55030 -i ~/.ssh/ovh-vps506197 jessie@164.132.104.145</code></p>
<p><strong>Exécution script sur connexion</strong><br />
Exécuter un fichier <em>utilisateur</em> nommé <strong>$HOME/.ssh/rc</strong> si <em>présent</em><br />
Pour <em>tous les utilisateurs</em> exécuter un fichier nommé <strong>/etc/ssh/sshrc</strong> si <em>présent</em><br />
Installer les utilitaires <em>curl jq figlet</em><br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo apt install curl jq figlet -y</code></p>
<p>Le batch<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">nano ~/.ssh/rc</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>#!/bin/bash
#clear
PROCCOUNT=`ps -Afl | wc -l` # nombre de lignes
PROCCOUNT=`expr $PROCCOUNT - 5` # on ote les non concernées
GROUPZ=`users`
ipinfo=$(curl -s ipinfo.io) # info localisation format json
publicip=$(echo $ipinfo | jq -r '.ip') # extraction des données , installer préalablement "jq"
ville=$(echo $ipinfo | jq -r '.city')
pays=$(echo $ipinfo | jq -r '.country')
cpuname=`cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep 'model name' | cut -d: -f2 | sed -n 1p`
echo "\033[0m\033[1;31m"
figlet "yanfi.net"
echo "\033[0m"
echo "\033[1;35m \033[1;37mHostname \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`hostname`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mWired Ip \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`ip addr show eth0 | grep 'inet\b' | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d/ -f1`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mKernel \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`uname -r`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mDebian \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`cat /etc/debian_version`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mUptime \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`uptime | sed 's/.*up ([^,]*), .*/1/' | sed -e 's/^[ \t]*//'`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mCPU \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`echo $cpuname`
\033[1;35m\033[1;37mMemory Use \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`free -m | awk 'NR==2{printf "%s/%sMB (%.2f%%)\n", $3,$2,$3*100/$2 }'`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mUsername \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`whoami`
\033[1;35m \033[1;37mSessions \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`who | grep $USER | wc -l`
\033[1;35m\033[1;37mPublic Ip \033[1;35m= \033[1;32m`echo $publicip $pays`
\033[0m"
#curl fr.wttr.in/Strasbourg?0
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Effacer motd<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo rm /etc/motd</code><br />
Déconnexion puis connexion</p>
<h2 id="yunohost">Yunohost</h2>
<p>Une fois que vous avez accès à votre serveur, directement ou par SSH, vous pouvez installer YunoHost avec le script dinstallation.<br />
Installer git<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo apt install git -y</code><br />
Cloner le dépôt du script dinstallation de YunoHost<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">git clone https://github.com/YunoHost/install_script /tmp/install_script</code><br />
Lancer le script dinstallation<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cd /tmp/install_script &amp;&amp; sudo ./install_yunohost</code></p>
<h3 id="postinstall">Postinstall</h3>
<p>Domaine principal : <strong>yanfi.net</strong> <br />
Mot de passe administration : xxxxxxx</p>
<h3 id="dns-ovh-1">DNS OVH</h3>
<p>Activer les DNS</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$TTL 3600
@ IN SOA dns110.ovh.net. tech.ovh.net. (2017123111 86400 3600 3600000 300)
IN NS ns110.ovh.net.
IN NS dns110.ovh.net.
IN MX 10 yanfi.net.
IN A 164.132.104.145
IN AAAA 2001:41d0:401:3200::6e7
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Activer le reverse DNS : yanfi.net</p>
<h3 id="certificat-ssl">Certificat SSL</h3>
<p>Installer les certificats Lestsencrypt pour le domaine yanfi.net</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo yunohost domain cert-install
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Succès ! La configuration de SSOwat a été générée
Succès ! Installation avec succès dun certificat Lets Encrypt pour le domaine yanfi.net !
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="utilisateurs">Utilisateurs</h3>
<p>Création des utilisateur <strong>yanfi</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo yunohost user create yanfi
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Mot de passe d'administration :
Prénom : yan
Nom : fi
Adresse courriel : yanfi@yanfi.net
Mot de passe :
Confirmez : mot de passe :
Création du répertoire « /home/yanfi ».
Succès ! La configuration de SSOwat a été générée
Succès ! L'utilisateur a été créé
fullname: yan fi
mail: yanfi@yanfi.net
username: yanfi
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Pour créer les autres utilisateurs se connecter en administrateur <a href="https://yanfi.net/yunohost/admin/#/login">https://yanfi.net/yunohost/admin/#/login</a></p>
<h3 id="réseau-ipv6">Réseau ipv6</h3>
<p>Ajout adressage ipv6 sur le réseau</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ajouter en fin de fichier</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>iface eth0 inet6 static
address 2001:::::7
netmask 64
gateway 2001:::::1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>REDEMARRER LE VPS</strong></p>
<h3 id="mises-à-jour-de-sécurité-debian">Mises à jour de sécurité Debian</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>Toutes les instructions suivantes sont exécutées après passage en mode su ou sudo</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Installer les outils de messagerie <strong>mailutils</strong><br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">apt install mailutils</code><br />
Vérifier si la redirection des messages “root” est paramétrée (normalement réalisée à linstallation yunohost)<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">echo "hello world" |mail -s test root</code> si ok, on pourra paramétrer <strong>MAILTO=”root”</strong>
Lautomatisation sera prise en charge par loutil <strong>cron-apt</strong>. Cron-apt permet de vérifier à intervalle régulier, via le crontab , si des mises à jours sont disponibles et va les installer.<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">apt install cron-apt</code><br />
Création du fichier <strong>security.sources.list</strong> utilisé par <strong>cron-apt</strong> et qui ne contiendra que le(s) dépôt(s) de sécurité Debian.<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">grep security /etc/apt/sources.list &gt; /etc/apt/security.sources.list</code><br />
Création du fichier de configuration de cron-apt <strong>/etc/cron-apt/config</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>APTCOMMAND=/usr/bin/apt
OPTIONS="-o quiet=1 -o Dir::Etc::SourceList=/etc/apt/security.sources.list"
MAILTO="root"
MAILON="always"
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Pour déclencher la mise à jour automatique après téléchargement , supprimer option <strong>-d</strong> dans le fichier <strong>/etc/cron-apt/action.d/3-download</strong><br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">dist-upgrade -y -o APT::Get::Show-Upgraded=true</code><br />
Test immédiat
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cron-apt</code><br />
Patienter quelques minutes! Un mesage sera expédié… <br />
Par défaut lexécution est programmée à 4h00 chaque jour, pour spécifier un créneau horaire modifier le fichier <strong>/etc/cron.d/cron-apt</strong>.</p>
<h2 id="applications-yunohost">Applications Yunohost</h2>
<h3 id="nextcloud">Nextcloud</h3>
<p>Installation nextcloud en ligne de commande</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
yunohost app install nextcloud
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Domaines disponibles :
- yanfi.net
Choisissez un domaine pour Nextcloud (default: yanfi.net) :
Choisissez un chemin pour Nextcloud (default: /nextcloud) :
Choisissez l'administrateur de Nextcloud (doit être un utilisateur YunoHost existant) : yanfi
Accéder au dossier personnel des utilisateurs depuis Nextcloud ? [0 | 1] (default: 0) : 1
Extraction des modèles depuis les paquets : 100%
Attention : 2018-06-20 13:42:45 URL:https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-13.0.2.tar.bz2 [44842305/44842305] -&gt; "app.tar.bz2" [1]
Attention : 2018-06-20 13:43:09 URL:https://codeload.github.com/YunoHost-Apps/yunohost.multimedia/tar.gz/v1.0 [15907/15907] -&gt; "v1.0.tar.gz" [1]
Succès ! La configuration de SSOwat a été générée
Succès ! Installation terminée
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="baïkal">Baïkal</h3>
<p>Baïkal est un serveur de calendriers et de contacts accessible par les protocoles CalDAV (calendriers) et CardDAV (carnets dadresses), autorisant ainsi la synchronisation avec de nombreux clients (Thunderbird + Lightning par exemple).</p>
<p>Installation par linterface yunohost administrateur , applications</p>
<p><strong>Connexion à linterface dadmin</strong><br />
Sur le portail SSO Yunohost, si on clique sur la tuile « Baïkal », on tombe sur une page bien peu conviviale qui explique que le service fonctionne.<br />
Pour accéder à ladmin, il faut rajouter <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/admin</code>. Par exemple : <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">https://example.com/baikal/admin</code></p>
<p>Le nom dutilisateur à spécifier est « admin » suivi du mot de passe spécifique que vous avez choisi lors de linstallation de Baïkal. Attention, le mot de passe ne doit pas contenir de caractères spéciaux.</p>
<p><strong>Création dun nouvel utilisateur</strong><br />
Aller dans longlet « settings », sélectionner « Digest » dans « WebDAV authentication type ».<br />
Ajouter les utilisateurs dans longlet « Users and resources ».</p>
<p>Connexion <strong>Thunderbird + Lightning</strong><br />
Ajoutez un nouvel agenda de type « Réseau » puis « CalDAV ».<br />
LURL à entrer est la suivante : https://example.com/baikal/cal.php/calendars/utilisateur/default</p>
<p>Caldav et cardav <strong>DAVdroid</strong> ,on utilise la <strong>Connexion avec une URL</strong> et nom dutilisateur pour lajout dun compte</p>
<ul>
<li>calendrier : https://exemple.com/baikal/cal.php/calendars/utilisateur/default</li>
<li>contacts : https://exemple.com/baikal/card.php/addressbooks/utilisateur/default</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>En prenant soin de remplacer « exemple.com » par votre domaine puis « utilisateur » par votre nom dutilisateur</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="rainloop">Rainloop</h3>
<p>Installation<br />
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">sudo yunohost app install rainloop</code></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Choisissez un domaine pour Rainloop (default: yanfi.net) :
Choisissez un chemin pour Rainloop (default: /rainloop) :
Est-ce une page publique ? [Yes | No] (default: No) :
Choisissez un mot de passe fort pour l'administrateur 'admin' :
Souhaitez-vous ajouter les utilisateurs YunoHost dans les suggestions de destinataires ? [Yes | No] (default: Yes) :
Definir la langue par defaut [English | Francais] (default: English) : Francais
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="transmission">Transmission</h3>
<p><img src="/images/transmission-logo.png" alt="Transmission" /></p>
<p><em>Transmission permet le téléchargement et la création de torrents. Ce logiciel supporte les technologies décentralisées sans tracker, tel que PEX, DHT et les liens magnets.</em></p>
<p>A-Installation yunohost transmission en ligne de commande (mode su)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>yunohost app install transmission
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Choose a domain for Transmission (default: yanfi.net) :
Choose a path for Transmission (default: /torrent) :
Succès ! La configuration de SSOwat a été générée
Succès ! Installation terminée
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Dossiers</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ls -la /home/yunohost.transmission/
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>drwxrwxr-x+ 5 debian-transmission www-data 4096 août 2 11:49 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 août 2 11:49 ..
drwxrwxr-x+ 2 debian-transmission www-data 4096 août 2 11:49 completed
drwxrwxr-x+ 2 debian-transmission debian-transmission 4096 août 2 11:49 progress
drwxrwxr-x+ 2 debian-transmission debian-transmission 4096 août 2 11:49 watched
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>B-Configurer les utilisateurs et les permissions</p>
<p><em>Il est recommandé que Transmission fonctionne sous son propre nom dutilisateur pour des raisons de sécurité.Cela crée quelques problèmes avec laccès aux fichiers et dossiers par transmission ainsi quavec votre compte utilisateur).</em><br />
Deux possibilités , lune avec l <u>utilisateur</u> et lautre en créant un <u>groupe</u> sur lequel on ajoute des utilisateurs</p>
<p><u>utilisateur</u><br />
Modifier le groupe du dossier <strong>completed</strong> (remplacer <em>www-data</em> par <em>debian-transmission</em>)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo chown debian-transmission.debian-transmission -R /home/yunohost.transmission/completed
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ajoutez le nom dutilisateur au groupe debian-transmission :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo usermod -a -G debian-transmission user
</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>NOTE : Changez “user” à votre propre nom dutilisateur.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><em>REMARQUE : Lors de lajout dun utilisateur à un nouveau groupe, lutilisateur doit se déconnecter et se reconnecter pour quil prenne effet. Un redémarrage permettra également datteindre cet objectif.</em></p>
<p><u>groupe</u><br />
Création dun groupe</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>groupadd transmission-completed
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Ajout des utilisateurs au groupe</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>usermod -a -G transmission-completed nextcloud
usermod -a -G transmission-completed www-data
usermod -a -G transmission-completed debian-transmission
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Modification groupe du dossier <strong>completed</strong> (remplacer <em>www-data</em> par <em>transmission-completed</em>)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chown -R debian-transmission:transmission-completed /home/yunohost.transmission/completed/
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>C-Nextcloud stockage externe</p>
<p>On ajoute le partage <u>local</u> dans <strong>nextcloud</strong> via les <em>stockages externes</em><br />
Nom du dossier : Transmission<br />
Stockage externe : local<br />
Configuration : /home/yunohost.transmission/completed<br />
Paramètres</p>
<p><img src="/images/trans-nc.png" alt="trans-nc" /></p>
<h2 id="sauvegarde-borgbackup">Sauvegarde BorgBackup</h2>
<p><img src="/images/borg-logo.png" alt="" /></p>
<h3 id="préparation-de-la-machine-à-sauvegarder">Préparation de la machine à sauvegarder</h3>
<p>On se connecte sur la machine et on passe en mode su</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong><u>Installation BorgBackup</u></strong><br />
Installation en utilisant les dépôts “backports”</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt edit-sources # pour ajouter la ligne pour les dépôts "backports"
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-backports main contrib non-free
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Votre fichier « /etc/apt/sources.list » a changé, veuillez lancer « apt-get update »</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt update
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Installer borgbackup</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>apt -V -t=stretch-backports install borgbackup
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong><u>Créer un jeu de clé sur machine à sauvegarder (yanfi.net)</u></strong><br />
Créer un utilisateur borg dédié aux sauvegardes par BorgBackup :</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>useradd borg
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Générer un jeu de clé sur <strong>/root/.ssh</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mkdir -p /root/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -o -a 100 -f /root/.ssh/yanfi_ed25519
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le jeu de clé</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ls /root/.ssh
yanfi_ed25519 yanfi_ed25519.pub
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Autoriser utilisateur <strong>borg</strong> à exécuter <em>/usr/bin/borg</em> uniquement</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>echo "borg ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/borg" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="ajout-clé-publique-sur-la-machine-qui-stocke-les-sauvegardes">Ajout clé publique sur la machine qui stocke les sauvegardes</h3>
<p>Se connecter sur la machine xoyize.xyz en ssh et ajouter de la clé publique</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
mkdir -p /srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/.ssh
cat &gt;&gt; /srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/.ssh/authorized_keys
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Copier/coller le contenu du fichier du fichier de clef publique (fichier /root/.ssh/yanfi_ed25519.pub de la machine à sauvegarder ) dans ce terminal, et presser [Ctrl]+[D] pour valider.</p>
<p>Le dossier de base pour les sauvegardes sur le serveur xoyize.xyz : <strong>/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/</strong></p>
<h3 id="création-dépôt-et-lancement-des-sauvegardes-depuis-la-machine-à-sauvegarder">Création dépôt et lancement des sauvegardes depuis la machine à sauvegarder</h3>
<p><strong><u>machine cliente yanfi.net</u></strong><br />
On se connecte sur la machine et on passe en mode su</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo -s
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Création du dépôt distant (A FAIRE UNE SEULE FOIS)</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>export BORG_RSH='ssh -i /root/.ssh/yanfi_ed25519' # ce n'est pas la clé par défaut id_rsa
borg init --encryption=repokey-blake2 ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/yanfi.net
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>The authenticity of host '[xoyize.xyz]:55029 ([2a01:e34:eebf:df3::1]:55029)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:RQJzuV1z2w3o8NHlbQ3110/822ozKiosobS6ohpIrTs.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Remote: Warning: Permanently added '[xoyize.xyz]:55029,[2a01:e34:eebf:df3::1]:55029' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Enter new passphrase:
Enter same passphrase again:
Do you want your passphrase to be displayed for verification? [yN]:
By default repositories initialized with this version will produce security
errors if written to with an older version (up to and including Borg 1.0.8).
If you want to use these older versions, you can disable the check by running:
borg upgrade --disable-tam ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/yanfi
See https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changes.html#pre-1-0-9-manifest-spoofing-vulnerability for details about the security implications.
IMPORTANT: you will need both KEY AND PASSPHRASE to access this repo!
Use "borg key export" to export the key, optionally in printable format.
Write down the passphrase. Store both at safe place(s).
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Sauvegarder la “passphrase” dans un fichier pour une procédure automatique</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mkdir -p /root/.borg
nano /root/.borg/passphrase
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Générer une sauvegarde dun dossier local vers le dépôt distant</strong></p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>borg create ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/yanfi.net::2019-01-11 /home/yanfi
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>Enter passphrase for key ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/yanfi.net:
</code></pre></div></div>
<p><strong>Automatiser la procédure de sauvegarde pour le client yanfi.net</strong><br />
script de sauvegarde (notez lusage de borg prune pour supprimer les archives trop anciennes)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano /etc/cron.daily/borg-backup
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Pour lancement à une heure précise</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano /root/.borg/borg-backup # après création on exécute crontab -e
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>#!/bin/sh
#
# Script de sauvegarde.
#
# Envoie les sauvegardes sur un serveur distant, via le programme Borg.
# Les sauvegardes sont chiffrées
#
set -e
BACKUP_DATE=`date +%Y-%m-%d-%Hh%M`
LOG_PATH=/var/log/borg-backup.log
export BORG_PASSPHRASE="`cat ~root/.borg/passphrase`"
export BORG_RSH='ssh -i /root/.ssh/yanfi_ed25519'
BORG_REPOSITORY=ssh://borg@xoyize.xyz:55029/srv/ssd-two/borg-backups/yanfi.net
BORG_ARCHIVE=${BORG_REPOSITORY}::${BACKUP_DATE}
borg create \
-v --stats --compression lzma,9 \
$BORG_ARCHIVE \
/bin /boot /etc /home /lib /lib64 /opt /root /sbin /srv /usr /var \
&gt;&gt; ${LOG_PATH} 2&gt;&amp;1
# Nettoyage des anciens backups
# On conserve
# - une archive par jour les 7 derniers jours,
# - une archive par semaine pour les 4 dernières semaines,
# - une archive par mois pour les 6 derniers mois.
borg prune \
-v --list --stats --keep-daily=7 --keep-weekly=4 --keep-monthly=6 \
$BORG_REPOSITORY \
&gt;&gt; ${LOG_PATH} 2&gt;&amp;1
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Le rendre exécutable</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>chmod +x /root/.borg/borg-backup
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Programmer la tâche à 2h30 du matin</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>crontab -e
</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Sauvegarde sur distant avec BorgBackup
30 02 * * * /root/.borg/borg-backup &gt; /dev/null
</code></pre></div></div>
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if (json instanceof Object && JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(json))) {
return true
}
return false
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
var _$src_8 = {};
(function (window) {
'use strict'
let options = {
searchInput: null,
resultsContainer: null,
json: [],
success: Function.prototype,
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}" title="{desc}">{title}</a></li>',
templateMiddleware: Function.prototype,
sortMiddleware: function () {
return 0
},
noResultsText: 'No results found',
limit: 10,
fuzzy: false,
debounceTime: null,
exclude: []
}
let debounceTimerHandle
const debounce = function (func, delayMillis) {
if (delayMillis) {
clearTimeout(debounceTimerHandle)
debounceTimerHandle = setTimeout(func, delayMillis)
} else {
func.call()
}
}
const requiredOptions = ['searchInput', 'resultsContainer', 'json']
/* removed: const _$Templater_7 = require('./Templater') */;
/* removed: const _$Repository_4 = require('./Repository') */;
/* removed: const _$JSONLoader_2 = require('./JSONLoader') */;
const optionsValidator = _$OptionsValidator_3({
required: requiredOptions
})
/* removed: const _$utils_9 = require('./utils') */;
window.SimpleJekyllSearch = function (_options) {
const errors = optionsValidator.validate(_options)
if (errors.length > 0) {
throwError('You must specify the following required options: ' + requiredOptions)
}
options = _$utils_9.merge(options, _options)
_$Templater_7.setOptions({
template: options.searchResultTemplate,
middleware: options.templateMiddleware
})
_$Repository_4.setOptions({
fuzzy: options.fuzzy,
limit: options.limit,
sort: options.sortMiddleware,
exclude: options.exclude
})
if (_$utils_9.isJSON(options.json)) {
initWithJSON(options.json)
} else {
initWithURL(options.json)
}
const rv = {
search: search
}
typeof options.success === 'function' && options.success.call(rv)
return rv
}
function initWithJSON (json) {
_$Repository_4.put(json)
registerInput()
}
function initWithURL (url) {
_$JSONLoader_2.load(url, function (err, json) {
if (err) {
throwError('failed to get JSON (' + url + ')')
}
initWithJSON(json)
})
}
function emptyResultsContainer () {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''
}
function appendToResultsContainer (text) {
options.resultsContainer.innerHTML += text
}
function registerInput () {
options.searchInput.addEventListener('input', function (e) {
if (isWhitelistedKey(e.which)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
debounce(function () { search(e.target.value) }, options.debounceTime)
}
})
}
function search (query) {
if (isValidQuery(query)) {
emptyResultsContainer()
render(_$Repository_4.search(query), query)
}
}
function render (results, query) {
const len = results.length
if (len === 0) {
return appendToResultsContainer(options.noResultsText)
}
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
results[i].query = query
appendToResultsContainer(_$Templater_7.compile(results[i]))
}
}
function isValidQuery (query) {
return query && query.length > 0
}
function isWhitelistedKey (key) {
return [13, 16, 20, 37, 38, 39, 40, 91].indexOf(key) === -1
}
function throwError (message) {
throw new Error('SimpleJekyllSearch --- ' + message)
}
})(window)
}());
</script>
<!-- Configuration -->
<script>
SimpleJekyllSearch({
searchInput: document.getElementById('search-input'),
resultsContainer: document.getElementById('results-container'),
noResultsText: '<p>Aucun résultat!</p>',
json: '/search.json',
searchResultTemplate: '<li><a href="{url}">{date}&nbsp;{title}</a>&nbsp;(Création {create})</li>'
})
</script>
</div></div>
<script>(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function scrollToAnchor(anchor, duration, callback) {
var $root = this;
$root.animate({ scrollTop: $(anchor).position().top }, duration, function() {
window.history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.href.split('#')[0] + anchor);
callback && callback();
});
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$.fn.scrollToAnchor = scrollToAnchor;
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function affix(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroll,
offsetBottom = 0, scrollTarget = window, scroll = window.document, disabled = false, isOverallScroller = true,
rootTop, rootLeft, rootHeight, scrollBottom, rootBottomTop,
hasInit = false, curState;
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$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
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$scroll = $(scroll);
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top();
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rootLeft = $root.offset().left;
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needPreCalc && preCalc();
scrollBottom = $scroll.outerHeight() - offsetBottom - rootHeight;
rootBottomTop = scrollBottom - rootTop;
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function top() {
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$root.removeClass('fixed').css({
left: 0,
top: 0
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curState = 'top';
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function fixed() {
if (curState !== 'fixed') {
$root.addClass('fixed').css({
left: rootLeft + 'px',
top: 0
});
curState = 'fixed';
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}
function bottom() {
if (curState !== 'bottom') {
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left: 0,
top: rootBottomTop + 'px'
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curState = 'bottom';
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calc(true); setState();
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calc();
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timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
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clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
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$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState();
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$window.on('resize', function() {
disabled || (calc(true), setState());
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hasInit = true;
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setOptions(options);
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$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
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refresh: function() {
calc(true, { animation: false }); setState();
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$.fn.affix = affix;
});
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(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
function toc(options) {
var $root = this, $window = $(window), $scrollTarget, $scroller, $tocUl = $('<ul class="toc toc--ellipsis"></ul>'), $tocLi, $headings, $activeLast, $activeCur,
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headingsPos, scrolling = false, hasRendered = false, hasInit = false;
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_options.container && (container = _options.container);
_options.scrollTarget && (scrollTarget = _options.scrollTarget);
_options.scroller && (scroller = _options.scroller);
_options.disabled !== undefined && (disabled = _options.disabled);
$headings = $(container).find(selectors).filter('[id]');
$scrollTarget = $(scrollTarget);
$scroller = $(scroller);
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function calc() {
headingsPos = [];
$headings.each(function() {
headingsPos.push(Math.floor($(this).position().top));
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var scrollTop = $scrollTarget.scrollTop(), i;
if (disabled || !headingsPos || headingsPos.length < 1) { return; }
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for (i = 0; i < headingsPos.length; i++) {
if (scrollTop >= headingsPos[i]) {
$activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i);
} else {
$activeCur || ($activeCur = $tocLi.eq(i));
break;
}
}
}
$activeLast && $activeLast.removeClass('active');
($activeLast = $activeCur).addClass('active');
}
function render() {
if(!hasRendered) {
$root.append($tocUl);
$headings.each(function() {
var $this = $(this);
$tocUl.append($('<li></li>').addClass('toc-' + $this.prop('tagName').toLowerCase())
.append($('<a></a>').text($this.text()).attr('href', '#' + $this.prop('id'))));
});
$tocLi = $tocUl.children('li');
$tocUl.on('click', 'a', function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var $this = $(this);
scrolling = true;
setState($this.parent());
$scroller.scrollToAnchor($this.attr('href'), 400, function() {
scrolling = false;
});
});
}
hasRendered = true;
}
function init() {
var interval, timeout;
if(!hasInit) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
// run calc every 100 millisecond
interval = setInterval(function() {
calc();
}, 100);
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
}, 45000);
window.pageLoad.then(function() {
setTimeout(function() {
clearInterval(interval);
clearTimeout(timeout);
}, 3000);
});
$scrollTarget.on('scroll', function() {
disabled || setState(null, scrolling);
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
if (!disabled) {
render(); calc(); setState(null, scrolling);
}
}, 100));
}
hasInit = true;
}
setOptions(options);
if (!disabled) {
init();
}
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
init();
}, 200));
return {
setOptions: setOptions
};
}
$.fn.toc = toc;
});
})();
/*(function () {
})();*/
</script><script>
/* toc must before affix, since affix need to konw toc' height. */(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
var TOC_SELECTOR = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.site.toc.selectors;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window);
var $articleContent = $('.js-article-content');
var $tocRoot = $('.js-toc-root'), $col2 = $('.js-col-aside');
var toc;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
var hasToc = $articleContent.find(TOC_SELECTOR).length > 0;
function disabled() {
return $col2.css('display') === 'none' || !hasToc;
}
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc = $tocRoot.toc({
selectors: TOC_SELECTOR,
container: $articleContent,
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
tocDisabled = disabled();
toc && toc.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
});
})();
(function() {
var SOURCES = window.TEXT_VARIABLES.sources;
window.Lazyload.js(SOURCES.jquery, function() {
var $window = $(window), $pageFooter = $('.js-page-footer');
var $pageAside = $('.js-page-aside');
var affix;
var tocDisabled = false;
var hasSidebar = $('.js-page-root').hasClass('layout--page--sidebar');
affix = $pageAside.affix({
offsetBottom: $pageFooter.outerHeight(),
scrollTarget: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroller: hasSidebar ? '.js-page-main' : null,
scroll: hasSidebar ? $('.js-page-main').children() : null,
disabled: tocDisabled
});
$window.on('resize', window.throttle(function() {
affix && affix.setOptions({
disabled: tocDisabled
});
}, 100));
window.pageAsideAffix = affix;
});
})();
</script><!---->
</div>
<script>(function () {
var $root = document.getElementsByClassName('root')[0];
if (window.hasEvent('touchstart')) {
$root.dataset.isTouch = true;
document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){}, false);
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</script>
</body>
</html>